Generating with lexical functional grammars
View Patent ↗A process for generating with unification based grammars such as Lexical Functional Grammars which uses construction and analysis of generation guides to determine internal facts and eliminate incomplete edges prior to constructing a generation chart. The generation guide can then be used in the construction of the generation chart to efficiently generate with unification-based grammars such as Lexical Functional Grammars. The generation guide is an instance of a grammar that has been specialized to the input and only contains those parts of the grammar that are relevant to the input. When the generation guide is analyzed to determine internal facts a smaller generation chart is produced.
1. A computer controlled method for determining a set of obligatory parent facts of at least one edge in a chart comprising:
a) receiving the chart in memory, the chart having a plurality of chart edges wherein at least one edge has at least one fact associated therewith and where the chart is based on a grammar which has a constituent structure and a separate functional structure that contains at least one fact;
b) determining a set of obligatory facts for at least one of the plurality of chart edges;
c) selecting the set of obligatory parent facts of a given edge those facts which are in the set of obligatory facts of at least one of the plurality of chart edges in at least one parent path of the given edge;
d) generating a string of words based on the chart and the obligatory parent facts; and
e) at least one of presenting the string of words on a presentation device or storing the string of words in a computer readable memory.
2. The computer controlled method of claim 1 wherein the step of determining a set of obligatory facts comprises determining an intersection of all sets of obligatory facts of all subtrees of the given edge.
3. The computer controlled method of claim 1 wherein the step of selecting the set of obligatory parent facts of a given edge comprises determining an intersection of all sets of obligatory parent facts and obligatory facts of all mother edges of the given edge.
4. An apparatus having a central processing unit (CPU) and a memory coupled to said CPU for determining a set of obligatory parent facts of at least one edge in a chart comprising:
a) an input module for receiving the chart, the chart having a plurality of chart edges wherein at least one edge has at least one fact associated therewith and where the chart is based on a grammar which has a constituent structure and a separate functional structure that contains at least one fact;
b) a detector responsive to the input module for determining a set of obligatory facts for at least one of the plurality of chart edges; and
c) a fact selector responsive to the detector for selecting as the set of obligatory parent facts of a given edge those facts which are in the set of obligatory facts of at least one of the plurality of chart edges in at least one parent path of the given edge;
d) a generator for generating a string of words based on the chart and the obligatory parent facts; and
e) an output section having at least one of a presentation device for presenting the string of words or a storage system for storing the string of words in a computer readable memory.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the detector comprises an obligatory fact selector for determining an intersection of all sets of obligatory facts of all subtrees of the given edge.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the fact selector comprises a determiner for determining an intersection of all sets of obligatory parent and obligatory facts of all mother edges of the given edge.
7. A computer program product comprising: a computer usable storage medium having computer readable code embodied therein for causing a computer to determine a set of obligatory parent facts of at least one edge in a chart comprising:
a) computer readable program code configured to cause the computer to effect an input module for receiving the chart, the chart having a plurality of chart edges wherein at least one edge has at least one fact associated therewith and where the chart is based on a grammar which has a constituent structure and a separate functional structure that contains at least one fact;
b) computer readable program code configured to cause the computer to effect a detector responsive to the input module for determining a set of obligatory facts for at least one of the plurality of chart edges; and
c) computer readable program code configured to cause the computer to effect a fact selector responsive to the detector for selecting as the set of obligatory parent facts of a given edge those facts which are in the set of obligatory facts of at least one of the plurality of chart edges in at least one parent path of the given edge;
d) computer readable program code configured to cause the computer to generate a string of words based on the chart and the obligatory parent facts; and
e) computer readable program code configured to at least one of cause the computer to present the string of words on a presentation device or store the string of words in a computer readable memory.
8. The computer program product of claim 7 wherein the computer readable program code configured to cause the computer to effect a detector comprises computer readable program code configured to determine an intersection of all sets of obligatory facts of all subtrees of the given edge.
9. The computer program product of claim 7 wherein the computer readable program code configured to cause the computer to effect the fact selector comprises computer readable program code configured to determine an intersection of all sets of obligatory parent facts and obligatory facts of all mother edges of the given edge.
10. A computer system for determining a set of obligatory parent facts of at least one edge in a chart comprising:
a) computer readable program code configured to cause the computer to effect an input module for receiving the chart, the chart having a plurality of chart edges wherein at least one edge has at least one fact associated therewith and where the chart is based on a grammar which has a constituent structure and a separate functional structure;
b) computer readable program code configured to cause the computer to effect a detector responsive to the input module for determining a set of obligatory facts for at least one of the plurality of chart edges;
c) computer readable program code configured to cause the computer to effect a fact selector responsive to the detector for selecting as the set of obligatory parent facts of a given edge those facts which are in the set of obligatory facts of at least one of the plurality of chart edges in at least one parent path of the given edge;
d) computer readable program code configured to cause the computer to generate a string of words based on the chart and the obligatory parent facts; and
e) computer readable program code configured to at least one of cause the computer to present the string of words on a presentation device or store the string of words in a computer readable memory.