Process and device for aiding the piloting of an aircraft
View Patent ↗The device ( 1 ) for aiding piloting comprises means ( 2 ) for determining a speed vector of the aircraft, means of depiction ( 4 ) for presenting on a display screen ( 6 ) a first characteristic sign illustrating the speed vector of the aircraft, and auxiliary means ( 7 ) for determining at least one longitudinal margin of maneuver of the aircraft, which is expressed as a load factor and which relates to one of the two maneuvers of pitch-up and of pitch-down of the aircraft. The means of depiction ( 4 ) moreover present, on the display screen ( 6 ), at least one second characteristic sign which is associated with said first characteristic sign and which illustrates the longitudinal margin of maneuver.
1. A process for aiding the piloting of an aircraft, according to which a first characteristic sign illustrating a speed vector of the aircraft is presented on a display screen, wherein, moreover:
at least one longitudinal margin of maneuver of the aircraft is determined, which is expressed as a load factor and which relates to one of two maneuvers of pitch-up and pitch-down of the aircraft; and
at least one second characteristic sign, which is associated with said first characteristic sign and which illustrates said longitudinal margin of maneuver, is presented on said display screen,
wherein said second characteristic sign is presented on the display screen such that the distance between said first and second characteristic sign is proportional to said longitudinal margin of maneuver.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein two longitudinal margins of maneuver are determined which relate respectively to the pitch-up maneuver to the pitch-down maneuver of the aircraft and wherein two second corresponding characteristic signs are presented on the display screen.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said second characteristic sign is presented on the display screen only if the longitudinal margin of maneuver is less then a predetermined value.
4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the most constraining margin of maneuver between a first load factor margin and a second margin is determined as the longitudinal margin of maneuver.
5. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein, said longitudinal margin of maneuver relates to said pitch-up maneuver and to determine the longitudinal margin of maneuver relating to the pitch-up maneuver, said second margin corresponds to an angle of incidence margin.
6. The process as claimed in claim 5 , wherein said angle of incidence margin Δα, is calculated from the following expression:
Δ
α
=
1
-
[
(
N
z
Δ
N
max
)
·
(
α
max
-
α
α
-
α
0
)
]
in which:
N z is the load factor;
ΔN max is the maximum value of longitudinal margin of maneuver depicted;
αis an angle of incidence;
α max is the maximum angle of incidence; and
α 0 is the zero lift angle of incidence.
7. The process as claimed in claim 4 , wherein, said longitudinal margin of maneuver relates to said pitch-down maneuver and to determine the longitudinal margin of maneuver relating to the pitch-down maneuver, said second margin corresponds to a speed margin.
8. The process as claimed in claim 7 , wherein said speed margin ΔV is calculated from the following expression:
Δ
V
=
1
-
[
N
z
+
K
p
(
V
max
-
V
)
-
K
d
(
ⅆ
V
/
ⅆ
t
)
Δ
N
max
]
in which:
N z is the load factor;
ΔN max is the maximum value of longitudinal margin of maneuver depicted;
V is the speed of the aircraft;
V max is the maximum speed of the aircraft;
(dV/dt) is the derivative with respect to time of the speed V; and
K p and K d are predetermined parameters.
9. A device for aiding the piloting of an aircraft, said device comprising:
means of determination for determining a speed vector of the aircraft; and
means of depiction for presenting on a display screen a first characteristic sign illustrating said speed vector of the aircraft,
which device moreover comprises auxiliary means of determination for determining at least one longitudinal margin of maneuver of the aircraft, which is expressed as a load factor and which relates to one of the two maneuvers of pitch-up and of pitch-down of the aircraft, and wherein said means a depiction moreover present, on said display screen, at least one second characteristic sign which is associated with said first characteristic sign and which illustrates said longitudinal margin of maneuver,
wherein said second characteristic sign is presented on the display screen such that the distance between said first and second characteristic signs is proportional to said longitudinal margin of maneuver.
10. The device as claimed in claim 9 , wherein said auxiliary means of determination comprise:
first means for determining a first longitudinal margin of maneuver which relates to a said pitch-up maneuver of the aircraft; and
second means for determining a second longitudinal margin of maneuver which relates to a said pitch-down maneuver of the aircraft.
11. An aircraft comprising the device for aiding piloting specified in claim 9 .