Energy-absorbing bumper

1. An energy-absorbing bumper comprising a structural part which is arranged underneath an outer skin or shell, supports the outer skin in a flexible manner and has a cross section that differs from a cross section of the outer skin or shell, wherein the structural part is composed of foam capable of deformation and energy-absorbing compression or of a material having similar properties and a space-lattice structure that can be crushed in a manner that involves energy absorption, the structural part being arranged between an impact or contact zone of the outer skin or shell and a rear side of the bumper facing away from the impact or contact zone, and having a vertical height in at least one section of the structural part which increases between the impact or contact zone and the rear side of the bumper such that a vertical gap between the structural part and the outer skin or shell over the at least one section decreases between the impact or contact zone and the rear side of the bumper, and the structural part further being arranged with a vertical center of a portion adjacent to the impact or contact zone of the bumper being vertically higher than a vertical center of a portion adjacent to the rear side of the bumper such that an upward impact to the bumper is met with less resistance than a downward impact to the bumper.

2. The bumper according to claim 1 , wherein a reinforcing inner part is arranged on the rear side.

3. The bumper according to claim 2 , wherein the reinforcing inner part is in a form of a flat strip.

4. The bumper according to claim 2 , wherein the bumper rests by way of the reinforcing inner part on a beam capable of deformation in an energy-absorbing manner, which is deformed only at a relatively high collision energy.

5. The bumper according to claim 3 , wherein the bumper rests by way of the reinforcing inner part on a beam capable of deformation in an energy-absorbing manner, which is deformed only at a relatively high collision energy.

6. The bumper according to claim 4 , wherein the beam yields inelastically only at an impact energy that exceeds a threshold, and a maximum degree of deformation of the structural part upon loading of a predetermined contact area is used up only at an impact energy that exceeds the threshold.

7. A bumper comprising:

an outer shell having an impact or contact zone,

a structural part being arranged inward of the outer shell and flexibly supporting the outer shell, the structural part having a cross section that differs from a cross section of the outer shell, and

an inner side facing away from the impact contact zone,

wherein the structural part comprises a material capable of deformation and energy-absorbing compression and having a space-lattice structure adapted to be crushed in a manner that involves energy absorption,

wherein the structural part is arranged between the impact or contact zone and the inner side of the bumper,

wherein the structural part has a vertical height in at least one section of the structural part which increases between the impact or contact zone and the rear side of the bumper such that a vertical gap between the structural part and the outer skin or shell over the at least one section decreases between the impact or contact zone and the rear side of the bumper, and

wherein the structural part is arranged with a vertical center of a portion adjacent to the impact or contact zone of the bumper located vertically higher than a vertical center of a portion adjacent to the rear side of the bumper such that an upward impact to the bumper is met with less resistance than a downward impact to the bumper.

8. The bumper according to claim 7 , wherein a reinforcement is arranged on the inner side.

9. In a bumper of a vehicle, a structural part is arranged behind an outer skin to support the outer skin in a flexible manner and has a cross section that differs from a cross section of the outer skin, the structural part comprising a foam or material capable of deformation and energy-absorbing compression with a space-lattice structure that is crushable, wherein the structural part is arranged between an impact or contact zone of the outer skin and a rear side of the bumper facing away from the impact or contact zone and has a vertical height in at least one section of the structural part which increases between the impact or contact zone and the rear side of the bumper such that a vertical gap between the structural part and the outer skin or shell over the at least one section decreases between the impact or contact zone and the rear side of the bumper, and the structural part further is arranged with a vertical center of a portion adjacent to the impact or contact zone of the bumper being vertically higher than a vertical center of a portion adjacent to the rear side of the bumper such that an upward impact to the bumper is met with less resistance than a downward impact to the bumper.

10. A method of making an energy-absorbing bumper, comprising:

arranging a structural part underneath an outer skin or shell to operatively support the outer skin in a flexible manner, the structural part having a cross section that differs from a cross section of the outer skin or shell and having a vertical height which increases between the impact or contact zone and the rear side of the bumper such that a vertical gap between the structural part and the outer skin or shell decreases between the impact or contact zone and the rear side of the bumper, and

further arranging the structural part between an impact or contact zone of the outer skin or shell and a rear side of the bumper facing away from the impact or contact zone,

wherein the structural part is composed of foam or a material operatively capable of deformation and energy-absorbing compressor and having a space-lattice structure crushable in a manner that involves energy absorption.

11. The energy-absorbing bumper of claim 1 , wherein the structural part cross section is arranged to provide greater resistance to an obliquely downward impact to the bumper than to an obliquely upward impact to the bumper.

12. The bumper according to claim 1 , wherein the structural part is arranged such that a first portion adjacent to the outer skin and a second portion adjacent to the rear side of the bumper have vertical heights greater than a reduced-height portion disposed between the first and section portions.

13. The bumper of claim 1 , wherein the cross section of the structural part is substantially smaller than that of the outer skin or shell, such that on impact with a pedestrian the outer skin or shell deforms to a substantial extent prior to substantial structural part deformation.