Dual diameter and rotating centralizer/sub and method
View Patent ↗A dual diameter centralizing sub for maintaining stand-off and/or centralizing a tubular member inside a larger diameter tubular member, for instance, in a wellbore. The centralizer is provided with bow springs that compress into grooves between radially outwardly-extending vanes that are spaced around the outer diameter of the sub when compressive force is applied to the bow springs. The vanes extend radially outwardly far enough that the effective diameter of the sub in the area of the vanes is greater than the diameter of the sub and/or the tubing to which it is mounted to provide stand-off even under conditions in which the bow springs are fully compressed while still maintaining fluid flow.
1. A centralizer, connectable in a tubing string, comprising:
a sub, having a first end and a second end opposite the first end,
the sub having at each end thereof thread means for threadably connecting the sub in a tubing string;
a pair of collars, spaced apart from each other, and rotatably mounted on the sub;
the pair of collars comprising a first collar and a second collar;
the first collar and the second collar being capable of axial movement along a length of the sub;
the first collar being located closer to the first end of the sub than the second collar;
the second collar being located closer to the second end of the sub than the first collar;
a plurality of bow springs, having a relaxed and a compressed state, fixed to each of the pair of collars, and which in their fully compressed state, hold the collars at their furthest distance apart along the sub;
a pair of shoulders, fixed to the sub and spaced apart from each other, and extending essentially around the exterior circumference of the sub;
the pair of shoulders comprising a first shoulder and a second shoulder;
the first shoulder being located closer to the first end of the sub than the second shoulder;
the second shoulder being located closer to the second end of the sub than the first shoulder;
the pair of shoulders being positioned between the pair of collars;
the length of axial movement of the first collar when moving in the direction toward the first end of the sub being limited solely by the abutment of the second collar with the second shoulder and the compressed state of the bow springs;
the length of axial movement of the first collar when moving in the direction toward the second end of the sub being limited solely by the abutment of the first collar with the first shoulder;
the length of axial movement of the second collar when moving in the direction toward the second end of the sub being limited solely by the abutment of the first collar with the first shoulder and the compressed state of the bow springs;
the length of axial movement of the second collar when moving in the direction toward the first end of the sub being limited solely by the abutment of the second collar with the second shoulder.
2. The centralizer sub of claim 1 wherein the shoulders are formed by milling the body assembly.
3. A centralizer sub as claimed in claim 1 additionally comprising a plurality of vanes, mounted on the sub proximate at least one end of the sub, longitudinally spaced between said end of the sub and the collar closest to said end of the sub so that when the bow springs are in their fully compressed state, the collar will not touch the vanes that are on the collar's end of the sub.
4. A centralizer sub as claimed in claim 3 further characterized by having a plurality of vanes fixed on each end of the sub, disposed around the circumference thereof, the vanes on each respective end of the sub being longitudinally spaced between the respective end of the sub and the respective collar closest to the respective end of the sub so that when the bow springs are in their fully compressed state, the collars will not touch the vanes.
5. A centralizer sub as claimed in claim 3 further characterized by at least one set of the vanes being oriented at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the body from about 15 to about 45 degrees.
6. The centralizer of claim 1 , wherein the bow springs and collars are rotatable around the sub, and the respective collars, opposite the direction of movement, are moveable longitudinally along the axis of the sub in response to compression of the bow springs.
7. The centralizer of claim 1 , wherein the shoulder, positioned foremost in the direction of movement of the sub, restrains movement of the collar in contact with the shoulder, allowing the collars and bow springs to be pulled into the reduced diameter space.