Method and apparatus for the production of enrobed catalyst pastilles
View Patent ↗The present development relates to a process for enrobing active catalytic materials with a protective coating to form pastilles, and to an apparatus for making the pastilles. The process comprises mixing an active catalyst powder with a hydrocarbon material in a low-shear jacketed blender at a temperature slightly above the congealing point of the hydrocarbon, and then making pastilles from the catalyst/hydrocarbon mixture while cooling the mixture to temperature below the congealing point of the hydrocarbon.
1. A method for applying a hydrocarbon protective coating material over a powdered catalyst, the method comprising:
a. Combining a hydrocarbon material having a congealing point with a powdered catalyst in a low-shear jacketed blender to form a mixture wherein said catalyst is uniformly dispersed throughout said hydrocarbon, said low-shear jacketed blender being set at a predetermined temperature to maintain said hydrocarbon material in a semi-solid phase;
b. Transferring said mixture from said low-shear jacketed blender to a pastillator at a temperature sufficient to maintain said hydrocarbon material in the semi-solid phase; and
c. Depositing at a blender end of said pastillator a plurality of drops of said mixture onto a steel belt cooler of predetermined length, and transporting said drops to a discharge end of said pastillator while cooling said drops to a temperature low enough to solidify said hydrocarbon phase to form pastilles.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said low-shear jacketed blender maintains a temperature that is from about 2° F. to about 20° F. above the congealing point of said hydrocarbon material.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said catalyst is reduced.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein said catalyst has an average particle size of from 1 micrometers to 225 micrometers.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said catalyst has an average particle size of from 3 micrometers to 150 micrometers.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbon material has a congealing point of from about 110° F. to about 250° F.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbon material has a congealing point of from about 150° F. to about 225° F.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbon material is selected from epoxy resin, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty esters, fatty stearates, hydrocarbon resins, microcrystalline paraffins, synthetic wax, paraffin wax, polyesters, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene waxes, polyglycols, polyvinyl alcohols, polystyrene, vegetable waxes, a wax obtained from processes using coal, natural gas, bio-mass, or methanol as feedstock, a synthetic wax produced from a Fischer-Trospch reaction, wax blends and combinations thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the density of the catalyst is greater than the density of the hydrocarbon material.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein said pastille comprises up to about 65 wt % catalyst.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein said pastille has a diameter of from about 4 mm to about 20 mm and a thickness of from about 2 mm to about 4 mm.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein said pastillator has a discharge temperature that is from about 20° F. to about 120° F. lower than the congealing point of said hydrocarbon material.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein said catalyst is dispersed so as to minimize attrition of said catalyst.
14. A method for applying a hydrocarbon protective coating material over a powdered catalyst, the method comprising:
a. Combining a hydrocarbon material having a congealing point with a powdered catalyst in a low-shear jacketed blender to form a mixture wherein said catalyst is uniformly dispersed throughout said hydrocarbon, said low-shear jacketed blender being set to maintain a temperature that is from about 2° F. to about 20° F. above the congealing point of said hydrocarbon material;
b. Transferring said mixture from said low-shear jacketed blender to a pastillator at a temperature sufficient to maintain said hydrocarbon material in a semi-solid phase; and
c. Depositing at a blender end of said pastillator a plurality of drops of said mixture onto a steel belt cooler of predetermined length, and transporting said drops to a discharge end of said pastillator while cooling said drops to a temperature low enough to solidify said hydrocarbon phase to form pastilles.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein said catalyst is reduced.
16. The method of claim 14 wherein said catalyst has an average particle size of from 1 micrometers to 225 micrometers.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein said catalyst has an average particle size of from 3 micrometers to 150 micrometers.
18. The method of claim 14 wherein said hydrocarbon material has a congealing point of from about 110° F. to about 250° F.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein said hydrocarbon material has a congealing point of from about 150° F. to about 225° F.
20. The method of claim 14 wherein said hydrocarbon material is selected from epoxy resin, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty esters, fatty stearates, hydrocarbon resins, microcrystalline paraffins, synthetic wax, paraffin wax, polyesters, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene waxes, polyglycols, polyvinyl alcohols, polystyrene, vegetable waxes, a wax obtained from processes using coal, natural gas, bio-mass, or methanol as feedstock, a synthetic wax produced from a Fischer-Trospch reaction, wax blends and combinations thereof.
21. The method of claim 14 wherein the density of the catalyst is greater than the density of the hydrocarbon material.
22. The method of claim 14 wherein said pastille comprises up to about 65 wt % catalyst.
23. The method of claim 14 wherein said pastille has a diameter of from about 4 mm to about 20 mm and a thickness of from about 2 mm to about 4 mm.
24. The method of claim 14 wherein said catalyst is dispersed so as to minimize attrition of said catalyst.
25. The method of claim 14 wherein said pastillator has a discharge temperature that is from about 20° F. to about 120° F. lower than the congealing point of said hydrocarbon material.
26. A method for preparing pastilles comprising a powdered catalyst having an average particle size of from 50 micrometers to 150 micrometers and a hydrocarbon coating material having a congealing point of from 110° F. to 220° F., said method comprising:
a. Combining said hydrocarbon material with said catalyst in a low-shear jacketed blender so as to minimize attrition of said catalyst, to form a mixture wherein said catalyst is uniformly dispersed throughout said hydrocarbon;
b. Transferring said mixture from said low-shear jacketed blender to a pastillator at a temperature sufficient to maintain said hydrocarbon material in a semi-solid phase; and
c. Depositing at a blender end of said pastillator a plurality of drops of said mixture onto a steel belt cooler of predetermined length, and transporting said drops to a discharge end of said pastillator while cooling said drops to a temperature low enough to solidify said hydrocarbon phase to form pastilles.
27. The method of claim 26 wherein said catalyst is reduced.
28. The method of claim 26 wherein said hydrocarbon material is selected from epoxy resin, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty esters, fatty stearates, hydrocarbon resins, microcrystalline paraffins, synthetic wax, paraffin wax, polyesters, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene waxes, polyglycols, polyvinyl alcohols, polystyrene, vegetable waxes, a wax obtained from processes using coal, natural gas, bio-mass, or methanol as feedstock, a synthetic wax produced from a Fischer-Trospch reaction, wax blends and combinations thereof.
29. The method of claim 26 wherein said pastille comprises up to about 65 wt % catalyst.