Input and output isolating diode for power dissipation reduction of power supplies
View Patent ↗The present invention is a method and system for providing improved isolation for power supplies while minimizing power dissipation. A body diode of a MOSFET may be utilized with a comparator circuit. The comparator circuit may detect current flow across the MOSFET and may turn the MOSFET on. This may shunt the diode with a low drain to source resistance limiting power dissipation across the diode to an amount of the drain to source current squared (Ids 2 ) times the drain to source resistance of the MOSFET when on (RDSon). Use of the comparator circuitry may reduce the time delay associated with turning the MOSFET off to prevent a high reverse inrush current within a power supply.
1. A system for isolating a power supply from reverse current flow when coupled to an input supply, comprising:
an input supply, said input supply providing an unregulated DC voltage;
a transistor having a first, second and third terminal, said first terminal being coupled to said input supply;
a comparator coupled across said first terminal and said third terminal of said transistor;
a resistor, said resistor coupling an input of said comparator to ground, said resistor being further coupled to an output of said input supply; and
a power supply coupled to said third terminal of said transistor, said power supply being DC/DC conversion power supply which receives an unregulated DC voltage from said input supply and provides a regulated DC voltage; wherein said comparator applies a voltage to said transistor to turn said transistor on when said comparator detects current flow from an anode to a cathode of a body diode of said transistor when said input supply is operating to allow current to flow from said input supply through said transistor to said power supply, said comparator removing said voltage to said transistor to prevent reverse current flow within said power supply when input supply is shut down, said transistor being a MOSFET, said first terminal being a source, said second terminal being a gate and said third terminal being a drain of said MOSFET.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a power dissipation across said transistor is proportional to the on resistance of said transistor and an amount of current flow from said input supply to said power supply.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein upon shutting off of said input supply, voltage to said transistor is removed within a few microseconds.
4. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said comparator applies said voltage to said gate of said transistor to turn the transistor on.
5. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said comparator is an operational amplifier.
6. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said resistor is coupled to a positive input of said comparator.
7. The system as claimed in claim 6 , wherein said resistor pulls said positive input of said comparator to ground.
8. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said resistor pulls said anode of said body diode of said transistor to ground.
9. The system as claimed in claim 8 , wherein said resistor provides back bias for the transistor.
10. A system for isolating a power supply from reverse current flow when coupled to an input supply, comprising:
an input supply, said input supply providing an unregulated DC voltage;
a transistor having a first, second and third terminal, said first terminal being coupled to said input supply;
a comparator coupled across said first terminal and said third terminal of said transistor; and
a power supply coupled to said third terminal of said transistor, said power supply being DC/DC conversion power supply which receives an unregulated DC voltage from said input supply and provides a regulated DC voltage; wherein said comparator applies a voltage to said transistor to turn said transistor on when said comparator detects current flow from an anode to a cathode of a body diode of said transistor when said input supply is operating to allow current to flow from said input supply through said transistor to said power supply, said comparator removing said voltage to said transistor to prevent reverse current flow within said power supply when input supply is shut down, said transistor being a MOSFET, said first terminal being a source, said second terminal being a gate and said third terminal being a drain of said MOSFET.
11. The system as claimed in claim 10 , wherein a power dissipation across said transistor is proportional to the on resistance of said transistor and an amount of current flow from said power supply to said load.
12. The system as claimed in claim 10 , wherein said comparator applies said voltage to said gate of said transistor to turn the transistor on.
13. The system as claimed in claim 10 , wherein said comparator is an operational amplifier.
14. The system as claimed in claim 10 , further comprising a second power supply, said second power supply providing redundant power.
15. The system as claimed in claim 14 , further comprising a second transistor having a first, second and third terminal, said first terminal being coupled to said second power supply.
16. The system as claimed in claim 14 , further comprising a second comparator coupled across said first terminal and said third terminal of said second transistor.
17. The system as claimed in claim 16 , further comprising a load coupled to said third terminal of said second transistor; wherein said second comparator applies a voltage to said second transistor to turn said second transistor on to allow current to flow from said second power supply through said second transistor to said load, said second comparator removing said voltage to said second transistor to prevent reverse current flow within said second power supply.
18. The system as claimed in claim 17 , said second transistor being a MOSFET, said first terminal being a source, said second terminal being a gate, and said third terminal being a drain of said MOSFET.
19. The system as claimed in claim 18 , wherein said second comparator applies said voltage to said gate of said second transistor to turn the second transistor on.
20. The system as claimed in claim 19 , wherein said second comparator is an operational amplifier.
21. The system as claimed in claim 10 , wherein said resistor is coupled to a positive input of said comparator.
22. The system as claimed in claim 21 , wherein said resistor pulls said positive input of said comparator to ground.
23. The system as claimed in claim 10 , wherein said resistor pulls said anode of said body diode of said transistor to ground.
24. The system as claimed in claim 23 , wherein said resistor provides back bias for the transistor.