Carbohydrate crosslinked glycoprotein crystals
The present invention relates to the field of carbohydrate crosslinked glycoprotein crystals. Advantageously, such crosslinked glycoprotein crystals display stability to harsh environmental conditions, while maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the glycoprotein backbone. According to one embodiment, this invention relates to methods for concentrating proteins that have been modified by carbohydrates and for releasing their activity at controlled rates. This invention also provides methods for producing carbohydrate crosslinked glycoprotein crystals and methods for using them in pharmaceutical formulations, vaccines, immunotherapeutics, personal care compositions, including cosmetics, veterinary pharmaceutical compositions and vaccines, foods, feeds, diagnostics, cleaning agents, including detergents and decontamination formulations. The physical and chemical characteristics of carbohydrate crosslinked glycoprotein crystals render them particularly useful as sorbents for separations, such as chiral chromatography, or affinity chromatography—which are based on specific interactions between the active binding site of the glycoprotein component of the crystals and the substance or molecule of interest. Such characteristics also render carbohydrate crosslinked glycoprotein crystals useful as catalytic and binding components for the production of biosensing devices.
1. A crosslinked glycoprotein crystal, said crosslinked glycoprotein crystal having the following characteristic:
said crystal is crosslinked through one or more carbohydrate moieties in said glycoprotein and through one or more amino acid side chain functional groups in said glycoprotein.
2. The crosslinked glycoprotein crystal according to claim 1 , said glycoprotein crystal being capable of releasing its protein activity at a controlled rate upon exposure to a change in the environment surrounding said crystal, said change being selected from the group consisting of change in pH, change in solute concentration, change in temperature, change in chemical composition, change in shear force acting upon the crystals and combinations thereof.
3. The crosslinked glycoprotein crystal according to claim 1 , said glycoprotein crystal being part of a composition and being substantially insoluble and stable in said composition under storage conditions and substantially soluble and active under conditions of use of said composition.
4. The crosslinked glycoprotein crystal according to claim 3 , wherein said composition is a phamaceutical composition.
5. The crosslinked glycoprotein crystal according to claim 1 , wherein said glycoprotein is an enzyme selected from the group consisting of lipases and oxidases.
6. The crosslinked glycoprotein crystal according to claim 5 , wherein said oxidase is glucose oxidase.
7. The crosslinked glycoprotein crystal according to claim 5 , wherein said lipase is Candida rugosa lipase.