Metal felt current conductor and gas flow distributor
View Patent ↗A fuel cell stack includes an electrolyte, an anode, a cathode, a first conductive felt current conductor/gas flow distributor, and a first separator plate. Thus, a felt conductor/distributor sheet is located between adjacent first and second fuel cells.
1. A fuel cell stack, comprising:
an electrolyte;
an anode;
a cathode;
a first conductive felt current conductor/gas flow distributor; and
a first separator plate;
wherein the first conductor/distributor contains a non-uniform surface.
2. The stack of claim 1 , further comprising:
a second conductive felt current conductor/gas flow distributor; and
a second separator plate.
3. The stack of claim 2 , wherein:
the first conductor/distributor electrically contacts and is located between the anode and the first separator plate; and
the second conductor/distributor electrically contacts and is located between the cathode and the second separator plate.
4. The stack of claim 3 , wherein the first and the second conductor/distributors are gas permeable.
5. The stack of claim 4 , further comprising gas impermeable seals adjacent to the first and second conductor/distributors.
6. The stack of claim 4 , wherein:
the first conductor/distributor comprises a nickel felt; and
the second conductor/distributor comprises a Fe—Cr—Al—Y felt.
7. The stack of claim 4 , wherein the second conductor/distributor contains a non-uniform surface.
8. A fuel cell stack, comprising:
an electrolyte;
an anode;
a cathode;
a first separator plate;
a second separator plate;
a first conductive felt current conductor/gas flow distributor;
a second conductive felt current conductor/gas flow distributor; and
gas impermeable seals adjacent to the first and second conductor/distributors;
wherein:
the first conductor/distributor electrically contacts and is located between the anode and the first separator plate; and
the second conductor/distributor electrically contacts and is located between the cathode and the second separator plate;
the first and the second conductor/distributors are gas permeable; and
the seals comprise gas impermeable regions in the first and the second conductor/distributors.
9. The stack of claim 8 , wherein:
the stack comprises an internally manifolded stack;
the first separator plate and the electrolyte contain fuel and oxidizer inlet and outlet passages;
the gas impermeable seal in the first conductor/distributor separates a first gas permeable area form a second gas permeable area;
the gas impermeable seal in the second conductor/distributor separates a third gas permeable area form a fourth gas permeable area;
the first gas permeable area lines up with the anode and the fuel inlet and outlet passages, but not the oxidizer inlet and outlet passages;
the second gas penneable area lines up with the oxidizer inlet and outlet passages but not with the anode and the fuel inlet and outlet passages;
the third gas permeable area lines up with the cathode and the oxidizer inlet and outlet passages, but not the fuel inlet and outlet passages;
the fourth gas permeable area lines up with the fuel inlet and outlet passages but not with the cathode and the oxidizer inlet and outlet passages.
10. The stack of claim 8 , wherein:
the stack is externally manifolded;
the first conductor/distributor comprises at least two gas impermeable surfaces and at least two gas permeable surfaces;
the second conductor/distributor comprises at least two gas impermeable surfaces aligned with the gas permeable surfaces of the first conductor/distributor, and at least two gas permeable surfaces aligned with the gas impermeable surfaces of the first conductor/distributor.
11. The stack of claim 4 , further comprising gas impermeable felt seal gaskets adjacent to the first and the second gas permeable conductor/distributors.
12. The stack of claim 2 , wherein the first support plate comprises a thin film formed on the first conductor/distributor substrate.
13. The stack of claim 12 , wherein the second support plate comprises a thin film formed on the second conductor/distributor substrate.
14. The stack of claim 13 , wherein the anode, the electrolyte and the cathode comprise thin films formed on the first conductor/distributor substrate.
15. The stack of claim 12 , wherein the first separator plate comprises a thin film located between the first and the second conductor/distributor supports.
16. The stack of claim 12 , wherein the first conductor/distributor further contains a gas impermeable seal.
17. The stack of claim 1 , wherein the first separator plate edges form a gas impermeable seal around an edge of the first conductor/distributor.
18. The stack of claim 1 , wherein:
the fuel cell comprises a solid oxide fuel cell; and
the electrolyte comprises a ceramic electrolyte.
19. The stack of claim 8 , wherein:
the fuel cell comprises a solid oxide fuel cell; and
the electrolyte comprises a ceramic electrolyte.
20. The stack of claim 8 , wherein the first and the second conductor/distributors contain a non-uniform surface.