Multiphase motor having different winding configurations for respective speed ranges
View Patent ↗Reconfiguration of stator winding sections of each phase of a multiphase motor is controlled for successive ranges of speed during which the motor can be expected to operate to obtain optimum operating efficiency throughout the entire operating range. All winding sections for a stator element are energized throughout the motor operating speed range but connected, through appropriate switches, in different circuit configurations for respective portions of the speed range. The switches are activated by a controller in response to a sensed motor speed signal. The reconfiguration of stator winding sections may be incorporated within a motor control system that is adaptive to control various motor parameters in response to sensed conditions as well as user input commands.
1. An apparatus comprising:
a plurality of electric motor stator core segments, each core segment formed with a pair of salient poles;
a plurality of switches; and
a winding formed on stator each core segment, the winding divided into a plurality of winding sections coupled to each other through the switches;
wherein all winding sections are connected via selected ones of the switches in an electrical circuit to a power source for energizing all of the winding sections of the motor throughout a motor operational speed range and, during different portions of the operational speed range, the winding sections are connected in different respective circuit configurations.
2. An apparatus as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a controller coupled to each of the switches; and
a motor speed sensor for providing a sensed motor speed signal to the controller;
wherein the controller is responsive to the sensed motor speed signal to activate respective ones of the switches for the motor speed range portion corresponding to the sensed motor speed.
3. An apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein one end of each winding section of a winding is coupled in an electrical circuit through at least one of the switches to each of the other winding sections of the same winding.
4. An apparatus as recited in claim 3 , wherein each winding comprises four winding sections connected in three different circuit configurations respectively in three portions of the motor speed range.
5. An apparatus as recited in claim 4 , wherein the four winding sections are connected in series in the lowest portion of the speed range, in a series connection of two parallel connected winding sections in an intermediary portion of the speed range, and connected in parallel in the highest portion of the speed range.
6. An apparatus as recited in claim 3 , wherein the controller comprises a user input port for receiving a variable input signal; and
the controller adjusts the magnitude of voltage applied by the power source to the winding sections in response to a user command signal received at the user input port.
7. An apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein each of the core segments comprises ferromagnetic material that is isolated from direct contact with any of the other core segments and the core segments are substantially uniformly spaced around an axis of rotation.
8. An apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of winding sections is formed on both salient poles of a respective core segment.
9. An apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of winding sections is formed only on one of the salient poles of a respective core segment.
10. In a motor comprising a plurality of stator core segments, each core segment having a pair of salient poles with a plurality of winding sections formed thereon, a method comprising the steps of:
connecting the winding sections of each respective core segment in a first circuit configuration;
applying energization to all of the winding sections while connected in the first circuit configuration;
sensing the speed of the motor;
reconnecting the winding sections of each respective core segment in a second circuit configuration when the motor speed is within a predetermined range of motor operation; and
energizing all of the winding sections while connected in the second circuit configuration.
11. A method as recited in claim 10 , further comprising the steps of:
inputting a signal representing desired motor torque output; and
adjusting the magnitude of voltage applied to the winding sections in each configuration in accordance with the signal input in the inputting step.
12. A method as recited in claim 10 , further comprising the steps of:
reconnecting the winding sections of each respective core segment in a third circuit configuration when the motor speed is within another predetermined range of motor operation; and
energizing all of the winding sections while connected in the third circuit configuration.
13. A method as recited in claim 12 , wherein all windings of each respective core segment are connected in series in the first circuit configuration and in parallel in the third circuit configuration.