Drugs for diabetes

1. A method of treating type 2 diabetes comprising administering to a subject a compound or salt thereof of the following formula:

A-(B) b0 -(D) c0 -NO 2   (I)

wherein

c0 is an integer and is 0 or 1;

b0 is an integer and is 0 or 1; with the proviso that at least one between c0 and

b0 is different from zero;

A=R-T 1 -, wherein R-T 1 - is a radical or a precursor drug acetylsalicylic acid of formula R-T 1 -OH, wherein

T 1 =(CO); and

R is a remaining radical of acetylsalicylic acid;

B=T B -X 2 -T BI -wherein

T B =X, wherein X=O, S, N or NR 1C , wherein R 1C is H or a linear or branched alkyl having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms;

T BI =(CO) or X, wherein X is as above defined; and

X 2 is a radical of a compound of formula H-X 2 -H selected from the following compounds:

hydroxyacids, selected from the group consisting of: gallic acid, ferulic acid, gentisic acid, citric acid, caffeic acid, p-cumaric acid and vanillic acid;

D is a bivalent radical -T c -Y- wherein:

when b0 is 1, T c =(CO) when T BI =X, or T c =X when T BI =(CO), wherein

X is as above defined;

when b0 is 0, T c =X wherein X is as above defined;

Y is:

Y p :

wherein:

nIX is an integer in the range 0-3;

nIIX is an integer in the range 1-3;

R TIX , R TIX′ , R TIIX , R TIIX′ , equal to or different from each other are H or linear or branched C 1 -C 4 alkyl,

Y 3 is a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic heterocyclic ring containing one or two nitrogen atoms, having 6 atoms;

Y 0 , which is selected from the group consisting of:

an alkylenoxy group R′ wherein R′ is C 1 -C 20 linear or branched; or

one of the following groups:

wherein nf′ is an integer from 1 to 6;

wherein R 1f =H, CH 3 and nf is an integer from 1 to 6; or

Y Ar , which is selected from the group consisting of:

wherein n3 is an integer from 0 to 3 and n3′ is an integer from 1 to 3;

wherein n3 and n3′ have the above indicated meaning; and

when b0=1 then c0=1 and Y is Y 0 ; or

when b0=0 then c0=1 and Y is Y p or Y Ar .

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein R TIX , R TIX′ , R TIIX and R TIIX′ are H and Y 3 in the formula (III) is selected from the group consisting of:

wherein Y 3 is an aromatic ring having 6 atoms, containing one nitrogen atom, and having the two free valences respectively in position 2 and 6, or 2 and 3, or 2 and 5 with respect to the heteroatom.

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein Y 3 is Y12 substituted in position 2 and 6, having bonds also in asymmetric position.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:

when c0=1 and b0=0, D is Y p ; or

when in c0=1 and b0=1, X 2 is ferulic acid or N-acetylcysteine.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compounds are selected from the group consisting of: 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid 6-(nitrooxymethyl)-2-methylpyridinyl ester hydrochloride or nitrate, 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid 3-nitroxy methylphenyl ester, 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid 4-(nitrooxymethyl) phenyl ester, 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid 5-(nitrooxymethyl)-2methyl pyridinyl ester hydrochloride or nitrate, 2(acetyloxy) benzoic acid 3-(nitrooxymethyl)-2-methyl pyridinyl ester hydrochloride or nitrate, and trans 3-[4-(2-acetyloxy)benzoyloxy]-2-metoxyphenyl]-2-propenoic acid 4-(nitroxy)butyl ester.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compounds are transformed into corresponding salts of the compounds.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compounds, or their salts, are used in the corresponding pharmaceutical formulations for parenteral, oral and topical use.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compounds are administered to patients already under treatment with hypoglycemizing drugs selected from the group consisting of insulin and metformin.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the hypoglycemizing drug is insulin.

10. A method of reducing or treating vascular disease, retinopathy, neuropathy, gastroenteropathy, or nephropathy associated with type 2 diabetes comprising administering to a subject a compound selected from the group consisting of: 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid 6-(nitrooxymethyl)-2-methylpyridinyl ester hydrochloride or nitrate, 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid 3-nitroxy methylphenyl ester, 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid 4-(nitrooxymethyl) phenyl ester, 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid 5-(nitrooxymethyl)-2methyl pyridinyl ester hydrochloride or nitrate, 2-(acetyloxy) benzoic acid 3-(nitrooxymethyl)-2-methyl pyridinyl ester hydrochloride or nitrate, and trans 3-[4-(2-acetyloxy)benzoyloxy]-2-metoxyphenyl]-2-propenoic acid 4-(nitroxy)butyl ester.