Biodegradable polyester blend compositions and methods of making the same
View Patent ↗The present invention relates to tough and ductile biodegradable, aliphatic polyester blend compositions and methods for preparing such compositions. It relates to products made out of such blend compositions, including, but not limited to, films, fibers, nonwovens, sheets, coatings, binders, foams and molded products for packaging. The products exhibit a desirable combination of high strength, ductility and toughness, while maintaining flexibility, biodegradability and compostability. The products are useful for a variety of biodegradable articles, such as diaper topsheets, diaper backsheets, disposable wipes, shopping and lawn/leaf bags, agricultural films, disposable garments, medical disposables, paper coatings, biodegradable packaging, binders for cellulose fibers or synthetics, and the like.
1. A polyester blend composition comprising:
(a) from about 70% to about 30% by weight of a polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer comprising at least two randomly repeating monomer units wherein the first randomly repeating monomer unit has the structure (I):
wherein R 1 is H, or a C1-C2 alkyl, and n is 1 or 2; the second randomly repeating monomer unit comprises at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of the structures (II) and (III):
wherein R 2 is a C3-C19 alkyl or C3-C19 alkenyl, and
wherein m is from about 2 to about 16; and
(b) from 30% to about 70% by weight of an aliphatic ester polycondensate synthesized from an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol and an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid compound, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the ester polycondensate is from about 50,000 to about 500,000.
2. A polyester blend composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyhydric alcohol is a dihydric alcohol, and further wherein the polycarboxylic acid compound is a dicarboxylic acid compound selected from the group consisting of dicarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acid anhydrides and mixtures thereof.
3. A polyester blend composition according to claim 2 , wherein the aliphatic ester polycondensate is synthesized from a dicarboxylic acid compound selected from the group consisting of compounds having the formula:
wherein s is from about 1 to about 10; and a dihydric alcohol having the formula: HO——(CH 2 ) t ——OH wherein it is from about 2 to 10.
4. A polyester blend composition according to claim 2 , wherein the aliphatic ester polycondensate contains less than 50% by weight of aromatic diacids.
5. A polyester blend composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer (a) further comprises a third randomly repeating monomer unit having the structure (IV):
wherein R 3 is H or a C 1-19 alkyl or alkenyl; and q is 1 or 2; and wherein the third randomly repeating monomer unit is not the same as the first randomly repeating monomer unit or the second randomly repeating monomer unit.
6. A polyester blend composition according to claim 5 , wherein the third randomly repeating monomer unit is selected from the group consisting of the monomer wherein R 3 is C 1 alkyl and q is 1, the monomer wherein R 3 is C 2 alkyl and q is 1, the monomer wherein R 3 is H and q is 2, the monomer wherein R 3 is H and q is 1, and mixtures thereof.
7. A polyester blend composition according to claim 1 , wherein the first randomly repeating monomer unit is selected from the group consisting of the monomer wherein R 1 is C 1 alkyl and n is 1, the monomer wherein R 1 is C 2 alkyl and n is 1, the monomer wherein R 1 is H and n is 2, the monomer wherein R 1 is H and n is 1, and mixtures thereof.
8. A polyester blend composition according to claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the randomly repeating monomer units in copolymer (a) have the structure of the first monomer unit.
9. A polyester blend composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyester blend is substantially free of compatibilizers.
10. A polyester blend composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyester blend is substantially free of initiators.
11. A polyester blend composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyester blend further comprises up to 20%, by weight, of a plasticizing agent.
12. A polyester blend composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polyester blend composition consists essentially of the polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer and the aliphatic ester polycondensate.
13. A method of making a polyester blend composition, comprising the step of blending (a) a polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer comprising at least two randomly repeating monomer units wherein the first randomly repeating monomer unit has the structure:
wherein R 1 is H, or a C1-C2 alkyl, and n is 1 or 2; the second randomly repeating monomer unit comprises at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of the structures (II) and (III):
wherein R 2 is a C3-C19 alkyl or C3-C19 alkenyl, and
wherein m is from about 2 to about 16; and
(b) an aliphatic ester polycondensate synthesized from an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol and an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid compound;
wherein the polyester blend composition is about 70% to about 30% by weight of the polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer and from 30% to about 70% by weight of the aliphatic ester polycondensate and the weight average molecular weight of the ester polycondensate is from about 50,000 to about 500,000.
14. A method according to according to claim 13 , wherein the polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer and aliphatic ester polycondensate are compatible and immiscible.
15. A method according to claim 14 , wherein the weight ratio of polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer to aliphatic ester polycondensate is from between 70:30 to about 30:70 and wherein at least 50% of the randomly repeating monomer units in copolymer (a) have the structure of the first monomer unit.
16. A method according to claim 13 , wherein the step of blending comprises melt-blending.
17. A method according to claim 13 , wherein the step of blending comprises solution-blending a polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer and an aliphatic ester polycondensate in a common solvent.
18. A method according to claim 13 , wherein the polyester blend composition is substantially free of initiators.
19. A method according to claim 13 , wherein the aliphatic ester polycondensate is synthesized from a dicarboxylic acid compound selected from the group consisting of compounds having the formula:
wherein s is from about 1 to about 10; and a dihydric alcohol having the formula: HO——(CH 2 ) t ——OH wherein t is from about 2 to about 10.