Acryloyldimethyltaurine acid-based grafted copolymers
The invention provides water-soluble or water-swellable copolymers obtained by free-radical copolymerization of A) acryloyldimethyltaurine and/or acryloyldimethyltaurates, B) if desired, one or more other olefinically unsaturated, optionally crosslinking comonomers containing at least one oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus atom and possessing a molecular weight of less than 500 g/mol, the copolymerization C) taking place in the presence of at least one polymeric additive having a number-average molecular weight of from 200 g/mol to 10 9 g/mol. The water-soluble or water-swellable copolymers of the present invention are useful in paper processing, laundry detergents, textile processing, petroleum extraction and formulating cosmetics.
1. A water-soluble or water-swellable grafted copolymer obtained by free-radical copolymerization of
A) 50 to 99.5 wt-% of acryloyldimethyltaurine or acryloyldimethyltaurates, and mixtures thereof, and
B) optionally, one or more other olefinically unsaturated, comonomer containing at least one oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus atom and possessing a molecular weight of less than 500 g/mol, the copolymerization,
C) taking place in the presence of at least one polymeric additive having a number-average molecular weight of from 200 g/mol to 10 9 g/mol, prepared by precipitation polymerization in tert-butanol.
2. The water-soluble or water-swellable grafted copolymer as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising one or more comonomer B).
3. The water-soluble or water-swellable grafted copolymer as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the comonomer B) is selected from the group consisting of unsaturated carboxylic acids, salts of unsaturated carboxylic acids, anhydrides of unsaturated carboxylic acids, esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids with aliphatic, olefinic, cycloaliphatic, arylaliphatic or aromatic alcohols having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, open-chain N-vinyl amides, cyclic N-vinyl amides having a ring size of from 3 to 9, amides of acrylic acid, amides of methacrylic acid, amides of substituted acrylic acids, amides of substituted methacrylic acids, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, vinyl acetate; styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, tetrafluoroethylene vinylphosphonic acid or the esters or salts thereof, vinylsulfonic acid or the esters or salts thereof, allylphosphonic acid or the esters or salts thereof, methallylsulfonic acid or the esters or salts thereof, and mixtures thereof.
4. The water-soluble or water-swellable grafted copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric additive C) is selected from the group consisting of a homopolymer or copolymer of a compound selected from the group consisting of N-vinylformamide, N-vinylacetamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcaprolactam, N-vinylmethylacetamide, acrylamide, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, N-vinylmorpholide, hydroxymethyl methacrylate, diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) and/or [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC), and mixtures thereof.
5. The water-soluble or water-swellable grafted copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric additive C) is selected from the group consisting of poly(N-vinylformamides), poly(N-vinylcaprolactams), and copolymers of a compound selected from the group consisting of N-vinyl-pyrrolidone, N-vinylformamide, acrylic acid, and mixtures thereof.
6. The water-soluble or water-swellable grafted copolymer of claim 1 , wherein the copolymer is crosslinked.