Method for scanning microscopy, scanning microscope, and apparatus for coding an illuminating light beam

1. A method for scanning microscopy comprising the steps of:

generating an illuminating light beam that contains at least first light of a first wavelength and second light of a second wavelength, at least the first light comprising a coding;

illuminating a specimen with the illuminating light beam, wherein the specimen contains a first fluorescent dye that is excitable with the first light and the specimen contains a second fluorescent dye that is excitable with the second light; and

decoding the detection light proceeding from the specimen, the decoding including identifying a first component of the detection light that proceeds from the first fluorescent dye and identifying at least a second component of the detection light that proceeds from the second fluorescent dye.

2. The method as defined in claim 1 , wherein the coding encompasses a time-related coding of the pulse train period of the illuminating light beam the illuminating light beam being pulsed at least in terms of the first light.

3. The method as defined in claim 1 , wherein at least the first and the second light are pulsed; and the coding contains a definition of a sequence in time of the pulses of the first and the second light.

4. The method as defined in claim 1 , wherein the coding contains an amplitude coding or a frequency coding.

5. The method as defined in claim 1 , wherein the decoding is accomplished digitally and encompasses an analog-digital conversion.

6. The method as defined in claim 5 , wherein the decoding contains a fitting to a definable function.

7. The method as defined in claim 6 , wherein the decoding encompasses a Fourier transform.

8. A scanning microscope comprising at least one light source for generating an illuminating light beam that is directable onto a specimen and that contains at least first light of a first wavelength and second light of a second wavelength, a coding apparatus for coding at least the first light, and a decoding apparatus for decoding the detection light proceeding from the specimen;

wherein:

the specimen contains a first fluorescent dye that is excitable with the first light, and the specimen contains a second fluorescent dye that is excitable with the second light; and

the decoding includes identifying a first component of the detection light that proceeds from the first fluorescent dye and identifying at least a second component of the detection light that proceeds from the second fluorescent dye.

9. The scanning microscope as defined in claim 8 , wherein the light source encompasses a pulsed laser and wherein the coding apparatus performs a time-based coding of the pulse train period of an illuminating light beam that is pulsed at least in terms of the first light.

10. The scanning microscope as defined in claim 8 , wherein at least the first and the second light are pulsed; and a sequence in time of the pulses of the first and the second light is definable with the coding apparatus.

11. The scanning microscope as defined in claim 8 , wherein the coding apparatus performs an amplitude coding or a frequency coding.

12. The scanning microscope as defined in claim 8 , wherein the coding apparatus contains an acoustooptical component or an electrooptical modulator (EOM).

13. The scanning microscope as defined in claim 8 , wherein the decoding apparatus is synchronized with the coding apparatus.

14. The scanning microscope as defined in claim 8 wherein the microscope is a confocal scanning microscope.

15. An apparatus for coding a illuminating light beam that contains at least first light of a first wavelength and second light of a second wavelength, comprising a beam splitter that splits the illuminating light beam into a first and a second sub-beam, a beam combiner that at least partially combines the first and the second sub-beam so as to code the first light and the second light without changing the respective wavelengths of the first and second light, are provided, and an acoustooptical component or an electrooptical component acting at least on the first sub-beam.

16. The apparatus as defined in claim 15 , wherein the acoustooptical component modifies the wavelength of at least a portion of the illuminating light beam by diffraction at an acoustic wave.

17. The apparatus as defined in claim 15 , wherein a further acoustooptical component is provided that acts on the second sub-beam.

18. The apparatus as defined in claim 15 , wherein the acoustooptical component acts as a beam splitter.

19. A method for scanning microscopy comprising the steps of:

generating an illuminating light beam that contains at least first light of a first wavelength and second light of a second wavelength, at least the first light comprising a coding;

illuminating a specimen with the illuminating light beam; and

decoding the detection light proceeding from the specimen, the decoding including identifying a first component of the detection light caused by the first light and identifying at least a second component of the detection light caused by the second light.

20. The method as defined in claim 19 wherein the coding includes at least one of a time-related coding of a pulse train period of the illuminating light beam, an amplitude coding and a frequency coding.

21. The method as defined in claim 19 wherein the decoding includes at least one of fitting to a definable function and a Fourier transform.