Aryl-aryl dendrimers
View Patent ↗Light emitting devices are incorporate, as the light emitting element, a dendrimer of which the constituent dendrons include a conjugated dendritic structure comprising aryl and/or heteroaryl groups connected to each other via bonds between sp 2 hybridized ring atoms of said aryl or heteroaryl groups.
1. A method of manufacturing a light-emitting device comprising:
forming a light emitting element by depositing a solution comprising at least one compound having the formula (I):
CORE-[DENDRITE(-Q) a ] n (I)
in which CORE comprises an iridium complex, n represents an integer of at least 1, Q is a proton or a surface group, a is an integer and DENDRITE, which may be the same or different if n is greater than 1, represents a conjugated dendritic structure comprising aryl and/or heteroaryl groups directly connected to each other via bonds between sp 2 hybridized ring atoms of said aryl or heteroaryl groups, CORE terminating in the first single bond which is connected to an sp 2 hybridized ring atom of an aryl group or heteroaryl group to which more than one conjugated dendritic branch is attached, said atom forming part of the DENDRITE, at least one of CORE and DENDRITE being luminescent; provided that the compound is not
wherein each Z is a group of formula:
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least one DENDRITE contains a phenyl branching group linked directly to at least one aryl branching group which is not phenyl.
3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least one DENDRITE contains a phenyl branching group linked to one or more phenyl branching groups via an aryl linker.
4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein distal aryl groups of DENDRITE are substituted by one or more Q which are surface groups and which may be the same or different.
5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein a HOMO-LUMO energy gap of compound having formula (I) decreases from distal aryl groups to CORE.
6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein CORE is not luminescent and a HOMO-LUMO energy gap of DENDRITE decreases from distal aryl groups to the attachment point to CORE.
7. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the light emitting element is prepared by a convergent route.
8. A method according to claim 1 , comprising coupling a layer of said light emitting element together with at least one layer of another material.
9. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the light-emitting device comprises a light-emitting diode.
10. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the solution comprising the compound having formula (I) further comprises at least one of another dendrimer, a polymer, or a molecular compound.
11. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least one Q is a surface group selected from branched and unbranched alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, alkylsilane, carboxy, carbalkoxy, and vinyl; a further-reactable alkene, (meth)acrylate, sulphur-containing, or silicon-containing group; a sulphonyl group; a polyether group; a C 1 to C 15 alkyl group; an amine group; a mono-, di- or tri-C 1 to C 15 alkyl amine group; a —COOR group wherein R is hydrogen or C 1 to C 15 alkyl; an —OR group wherein R is hydrogen, aryl, or C 1 to C 15 alkyl or alkenyl; an —O 2 SR group wherein R is C 1 to C 15 alkyl or alkenyl; an —SR group wherein R is aryl, or C 1 to C 15 alkyl or alkenyl; an —SiR 3 group wherein the R groups are the same or different and are hydrogen, C 1 to C 15 alkyl or alkenyl, or —SR′ group where R′ is aryl or C 1 to C 15 alkyl or alkenyl, aryl, and heteroaryl.
12. A method according to claim 1 , wherein CORE comprises at least one moiety selected from the group consisting of benzene, pyridine, pyrimidine, triazine, thiophene, fluorene, divinylbenzene, distyrylethylene, divinylpyri dine, pyrimidine, triazine, divinylthiophene, oxadiazole, coronene, fluorescent dye and marker compounds, and metallic chromophores.
13. A method according to claim 1 comprising providing a film of the light emitting element and, optionally, coupling one or more other films to the film of the light emitting element to provide a laminate, adhering to one surface of said film or laminate a substantially transparent electrode, and depositing on another surface of said film or laminate a metallic cathode.
14. A method according to claim 8 , wherein the at least one layer of another material comprises at least one hole-transporting or electron-transporting layer.
15. A method according to claim 13 , wherein said substantially transparent electrode is indium tin oxide.
16. A method according to claim 13 , wherein said metallic cathode comprises Al, Mg/Ag, or Ca.
17. A method of manufacturing a light-emitting device comprising:
forming a light emitting element by depositing a solution comprising at least one compound having the formula (II):
CORE-[DENDRITE(-Q) a ] n (II)
in which CORE comprises an iridium complex, n represents an integer of at least 1, Q is a proton or a surface group, a is an integer and DENDRITE, which may be the same or different if n is greater than 1, represents a conjugated dendritic structure comprising aryl and/or heteroaryl groups directly connected to each other via bonds between sp 2 hybridized ring atoms of said aryl or heteroaryl groups, CORE terminating in the first single bond which is connected to an sp 2 hybridized ring atom of an aryl group or heteroaryl group to which more than one conjugated dendritic branch is attached, said atom forming part of the DENDRITE, at least one of CORE and DENDRITE being luminescent.
18. A method according to claim 17 , wherein at least one DENDRITE contains a phenyl branching group linked directly to at least one aryl branching group which is not phenyl.
19. A method according to claim 17 , wherein at least one DENDRITE contains a phenyl branching group linked to one or more phenyl branching groups via an aryl linker.
20. A method according to claim 17 , wherein distal aryl groups of DENDRITE are substituted by one or more Q which are surface groups and which may be the same or different.
21. A method according to claim 17 , wherein a HOMO-LUMO energy gap of the compound having formula (II) decreases from distal aryl groups to CORE.
22. A method according to claim 17 , wherein CORE is not luminescent and a HOMO-LUMO energy gap of DENDRITE decreases from distal aryl groups to the attachment point to CORE.
23. A method according to claim 17 , wherein the light emitting element is prepared by a convergent route.
24. A method according to claim 17 , comprising coupling a layer of said light emitting element together with at least one layer of another material.
25. A method according to claim 24 , wherein the at least one layer of another material comprises at least one hole-transporting or electron-transporting layer.
26. A method according to claim 17 , wherein the light-emitting device comprises a light-emitting diode.
27. A method according to claim 17 , wherein the solution comprising the compound having formula (II) further comprises at least one of another dendrimer, a polymer, or a molecular compound.
28. A method according to claim 17 , wherein at least one Q is a surface group selected from branched and unbranched alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, alkylsilane, carboxy, carbalkoxy, and vinyl; a further-reactable alkene, (meth)acrylate, sulphur-containing, or silicon-containing group; a sulphonyl group; a polyether group; a C 1 to C 15 alkyl group; an amine group; a mono-, di- or tri-C 1 to C 15 alkyl amine group; a —COOR group wherein R is hydrogen or C 1 to C 15 alkyl; an —OR group wherein R is hydrogen, aryl, or C 1 to C 15 alkyl or alkenyl; an —O 2 SR group wherein R is C 1 to C 15 alkyl or alkenyl; an —SR group wherein R is aryl, or C 1 to C 15 alkyl or alkenyl; an —SiR 3 group wherein the R groups are the same or different and are hydrogen, C 1 to C 15 alkyl or alkenyl, or SR′ group where R′ is aryl or C 1 to C 15 alkyl or alkenyl, aryl, and heteroaryl.
29. A method according to claim 17 , wherein CORE comprises at least one moiety selected from the group consisting of benzene, pyridine, pyrimidine, triazine, thiophene, fluorene, divinylbenzene, distyrylethylene, divinylpyridine, pyrimidine, triazine, divinylthiophene, oxadiazole, coronene, fluorescent dye and marker compounds, and metallic chromophores.
30. A method according to claim 17 comprising providing a film of the light emitting element and, optionally, coupling one or more other films to the film of the light emitting element to provide a laminate, adhering to one surface of said film or laminate a substantially transparent electrode, and depositing on another surface of said film or laminate a metallic cathode.
31. A method according to claim 29 , wherein said substantially transparent electrode is indium tin oxide.
32. A method according to claim 29 , wherein said metallic cathode comprises Al, Mg/Ag, or Ca.