Industrial fabric with asymmetrically apertured tiles
View Patent ↗A permeable industrial fabric is assembled from a plurality of separate tiles into at least two plies, and in which the two plies are held together by jointing structures made integrally with the tiles. In these fabrics, within each tile the jointing structures are incorporated at primary selected locations according a symmetrical pattern, and the apertures in the tiles which provide the required fabric permeability are incorporated at secondary and tertiary selected locations according two more patterns, at least one of which is asymmetrical. This combination of symmetry and asymmetry allows for some control over the permeability of the assembled fabric.
1. An industrial fabric having a preselected permeability, including at least a first ply, consisting of a first set of tiles, and a second ply, consisting of a second set of tiles, attached to each other, each of which plies includes a plurality of tiles, wherein:
(a) each tile includes integral jointing structures incorporated into the tile at primary selected locations in a first symmetrical pattern which also defines a grid pattern on at least one surface of the tile;
(b) each tile in the first set of tiles includes at least a first sequence of apertures of the same size and shape incorporated into the tile at secondary selected locations in a second pattern;
(c) each tile in the second set of tiles includes at least a second sequence of apertures of the same size and shape incorporated into the tile at tertiary selected locations in a third pattern;
(d) the jointing structures incorporated into each tile comprise formed structures which engage with, and interlock with, each other to provide a joint between superposed tiles;
(e) in the assembled fabric the first symmetrical pattern extends in the plane of each ply;
(f) in the assembled fabric the second and third patterns both extend in the plane of each ply;
(g) at least one pattern chosen from the group consisting of the second pattern and the third pattern is asymmetrical with respect to the symmetry axes of the first pattern; and
(h) the superposed plies are jointed together with the first symmetrical pattern and second pattern in the first ply oriented relative to the first symmetrical pattern and the third pattern in the second ply to provide an assembled fabric with the preselected permeability.
2. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein the both the second pattern and the third pattern are asymmetrical with respect to the symmetry axes of the first pattern.
3. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein the second pattern is symmetrical and the third pattern is asymmetrical with respect to the symmetry axes of the first pattern.
4. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein the relationship between the tiles in the first set and the tiles in the second set is one member chosen from the group consisting of:
(i) the tiles in the first set and the tiles in the second set are the same, and both the second pattern and third pattern are asymmetrical with respect to the symmetry axes of the first pattern;
(ii) in the tiles in the first set and the tiles in the second set, the second pattern is not the same as the third pattern;
(iii) in the tiles in the first set and in the tiles in the second set, the apertures in the first sequence are the same shape as the apertures in the second sequence, the apertures in the first sequence are not the same size as the apertures in the second sequence, and both the second pattern and third pattern are asymmetrical with respect to the symmetry axes of the first pattern;
(iv) in the tiles in the first set and in the tiles in the second set, the apertures in the first sequence are the same shape as the apertures in the second sequence, the apertures in the first sequence are not the same size as the apertures in the second sequence, and the second pattern is not the same as the third pattern;
(v) in the tiles in the first set and in the tiles in the second set, the apertures in the first sequence are not the same shape as the apertures in the second sequence, the apertures in the first sequence are not the same size as the apertures in the second sequence, the second pattern is the same as the third pattern, and both the second pattern and third pattern are asymmetrical with respect to the symmetry axes of the first pattern;
(vi) in the tiles in the first set and in the tiles in the second set, the apertures in the first sequence are not the same shape as the apertures in the second sequence, the apertures in the first sequence are not the same size as the apertures in the second sequence, and the second pattern is not the same as the third pattern;
(vii) in the tiles in the first set the sequence of apertures in the second pattern is within a space defined by the grid pattern;
(viii) in the tiles in the first set the sequence of apertures in the second pattern is not within a space defined by the grid pattern;
(ix) in the tiles in the second set the sequence of apertures in the third pattern is within a space defined by the grid pattern; and
(x) in the tiles in the second set the sequence of apertures in the third pattern is not within a space defined by the grid pattern.
5. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein the fabric includes a first set of tiles forming the first ply, and a second set of tiles forming the second ply, wherein:
(a) in the tiles of the first set, each tile includes integral jointing structures incorporated into the tile at first primary selected locations in a first symmetrical pattern defining a first grid pattern;
(b) in the tiles of the second set, each tile includes integral jointing structures incorporated into the tile at second primary selected locations in a first symmetrical pattern defining a second grid pattern; and
(c) the linear separation S 2 of adjacent jointing structures on an axis of the first grid pattern is related to the linear separation S 1 of adjacent jointing structures on the same axis of the second grid pattern by the relationship S 2 =nS 1 , in which n is an integral number.
6. A fabric according to claim 5 wherein the second and third patterns are the same, and both the second pattern and third pattern are asymmetrical with respect to the symmetry axes of the first pattern.
7. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein the fabric includes a first set of tiles forming the first ply, and a second set of tiles forming the second ply, wherein:
(a) in the tiles of the first set, each tile includes integral jointing structures incorporated into the tile at first primary selected locations in a first symmetrical pattern defining a first grid pattern;
(b) in the tiles of the second set, each tile includes integral jointing structures incorporated into the tile at second primary selected locations in a first symmetrical pattern defining a second grid pattern;
(c) the linear separation S 2 of adjacent jointing structures on an axis of the first grid pattern is related to the linear separation S 1 of adjacent jointing structures on the same axis of the second grid pattern by the relationship S 2 =nS 1 , in which n is an integral number;
(d) each tile in both the first set and the second set includes a first sequence of apertures incorporated into the tile at first secondary selected locations in a fourth pattern;
(e) each tile in both the first and the second set includes a second sequence of apertures incorporated into the tile at second secondary selected locations in a fifth pattern; and
(f) at least one pattern chosen from the group consisting of the fourth pattern and the fifth pattern is asymmetrical with respect to the symmetry axes of the first pattern.
8. A fabric according to claim 7 wherein both the fourth pattern and the fifth pattern are asymmetrical with respect to the symmetry axes of the first pattern.
9. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein the tiles include a jointing structure including a first part and a cooperating second part, the first set of tiles includes the first part of the jointing structure, and the second set of tiles includes the second part of the jointing structure.
10. A fabric according to claim 9 wherein the first part of the jointing structure is the same as the second part of the jointing structure.
11. A fabric according to claim 10 wherein the first part of the jointing structure is not the same as the second part of the jointing structure.
12. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein the tiles include a jointing structure including a first part and a cooperating second part, the first set of tiles includes both the first part and the second part of the jointing structure, and the second set of tiles includes both the first part and the second part of the jointing structure.
13. A fabric according to claim 12 wherein the first part of the jointing structure is the same as the second part of the jointing structure.
14. A fabric according to claim 12 wherein the first part of the jointing structure is not the same as the second part of the jointing structure.
15. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein in the set of tiles of at least one ply the first symmetrical pattern is incorporated twice at primary first locations, and at primary second locations, and the primary first locations are separated from the primary second locations along an axis of the grid pattern.
16. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein the first symmetrical pattern has two axis symmetry, and the grid pattern is a sequence of squares.
17. A fabric according to claim 1 wherein the first symmetrical pattern has three axis symmetry, and the grid pattern is a sequence of regular hexagons.