Variable displacement pump having rotating cam ring
View Patent ↗Vane pump ( 10 ) mechanical losses are reduced by removing vane friction losses and replacing them with lower magnitude journal bearing fluid film viscous drag losses. A freely rotating cam ring ( 70 ) is supported by a journal bearing ( 80 ). A relatively low sliding velocity is imposed between the cam ring and the vanes ( 26 ). This permits the use of less expensive and less brittle materials in the pump by allowing the pump to operate at much higher speeds without concern for exceeding vane tip velocity limits.
1. A variable displacement gas turbine fuel pump comprising:
a housing having a pump chamber, and an inlet and outlet in fluid communication with the pump chamber;
a rotor received in the pump chamber;
a cam member surrounding the rotor and freely rotating relative to the housing;
a cam sleeve radially interposed between the cam member and the housing;
means for altering a position of the cam sleeve in the housing to selectively vary pump output;
a spacer ring radially interposed between the cam sleeve and the housing wherein the spacer ring includes a generally planar cam sleeve rolling surface that allows a centerpoint of the cam sleeve to linerarly translate; and
a journal bearing interposed between the cam member and the cam sleeve for reducing mechanical losses during operation of the pump.
2. The fuel pump of claim 1 wherein the cam member has a smooth, inner peripheral wall that allows the rotor to rotate freely relative to the cam member.
3. The fuel pump of claim 1 wherein the journal bearing is a continuous annular passage between the cam member and the cam sleeve.
4. The fuel pump of claim 1 further comprising circumferentially spaced vanes operatively associated with the rotor.
5. The fuel pump of claim 1 wherein the journal bearing is a hydrostatic bearing.
6. The fuel pump of claim 1 wherein the journal bearing is a hydrodynamic bearing.
7. The fuel pump of claim 1 wherein the journal bearing is a hybrid hydrostatic/hydro dynamic bearing.
8. A variable displacement gas turbine fuel pump for supplying jet fuel from a supply to a set of downstream nozzles, the gas turbine fuel pump comprising:
a housing having a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet in operative communication with a pump chamber;
a rotor received in the pump chamber, the rotor having plural vanes that segregate the pump chamber into individual pump chamber portions;
a cam ring received around the rotor having radially inner and outer surfaces, the inner surface slidingly engaging the vanes;
a cam sleeve radially interposed between the cam ring and the housing;
a spacer ring radially interposed between the cam sleeve and the housing, the cam sleeve being secured to the spacer ring to selectively vary eccentricity between the cam ring and the rotor;
means for altering a position of the cam sleeve in the housing to selectively vary pump output; and
a cam journal bearing surrounding the cam ring in communication with the fuel inlet whereby jet fuel serves as the fluid film in the journal bearing for the cam ring, wherein the journal bearing is a continuous annular passage between the cam ring and the cam sleeve.
9. The fuel pump of claim 8 wherein the journal bearing is a hydrodynamic bearing.
10. The fuel pump of claim 8 wherein the journal bearing is a hydrostatic bearing.
11. The fuel pump of claim 8 wherein the journal bearing is a hybrid hydrostatic/hydrodynamic bearing.
12. The fuel pump of claim 8 wherein a center of the cam sleeve enclosing the cam ring is selectively offset from a rotational axis of the rotor.
13. The fuel pump of claim 8 further comprising circumferentially spaced vanes operatively associated with the rotor.
14. The fuel pump of claim 8 wherein the vanes are formed of tungsten carbide.
15. The fuel pump of claim 8 wherein the cam ring is formed of a low cost, durable material.
16. A method of operating a gas turbine fuel pump that includes a housing having a pump chamber that receives a rotor therein and a cam member surrounding the rotor, a cam sleeve surrounding the cam member and a spacer ring disposed between the cam sleeve and the housing, a generally planar cam rolling surface along an inner surface thereof adjacent an anti-rotation pin interconnecting the spacer ring and the cam sleeve, and upon which the cam sleeve rolls in response to actuation of the altering means, the method comprising the steps of:
supporting the cam member via a journal bearing disposed between the cam member and the cam sleeve in the housing;
allowing the rotor to rotate freely relative to the cam member; and
linearly translating a centerpoint of the cam sleeve to limit pressure pulsations in seal zones of the assembly.