Defoamer for water reducer admixture
View Patent ↗An exemplary admixture system for cementitious compositions, comprises a polycarboxylic acid type water reducer and a tertiary amine defoamer having an average molecular weight of 100-1500 and more preferably 200-750. The defoamer permits a stable admixture formulation and helps to achieve a controllable level of entrained air in a concrete mix. Cementitious compositions and methods for modifying the same, using the tertiary amine defoamers, are also described herein.
1. An admixture system for modifying hydratable cementitious compositions, comprising:
(A) a water reducer comprising a polycarboxylic acid or salt or derivative thereof; and
(B) a tertiary amine defoamer having the structural formula R 1 NR 2 R 3 wherein
R 1 is hydrophobic and represents a C 8 -C 25 group comprising a linear or branched alkyl, alkene, alkyne, alcohol, ester or oxyalkylene group, the oxyalkylene group having the chemical structure R 4 —(AO) n — or R 4 —(OA) n — wherein R 4 represents hydrogen or a C 1 to C 25 alkyl group, A represents a C 1 to C 6 alkyl group and “n” is an integer of 1 to 4; and
R 2 and R 3 each represent a C 1 -C 6 group comprising a linear or branched alkyl, alkene, alkyne, alcohol, ester or oxyalkylene group, the oxyalkylene group having the chemical structure R 4 —(AO) n — or R 4 —(OA) n — wherein R 4 represents hydrogen or a C 1 to C 25 alkyl group, A represents a C 1 to C 6 alkyl group, and “n” is an integer of 1 to 4;
wherein said average molecular weight of said tertiary amine defoamer is no less than 100, and
wherein said average molecular weight of said tertiary amine defoamer is no greater than 1500.
2. The admixture system of claim 1 , wherein said average molecular weight of said defoamer is no less than 200; and wherein said average molecular weight of said defoamer is no more than 750.
3. The admixture system of claim 1 wherein at least two of said groups represented by R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 have branched structures.
4. The admixture system of claim 1 wherein R 1 represents a linear alkyl or alkene group; and R 2 and R 3 represent linear or branched alkyl groups.
5. The admixture system of claim 1 wherein R 1 represents a linear alkyl or alkene group; and R 2 and R 3 represent linear or branched alcohol, ester, or polyoxyalkylene groups.
6. The admixture system of claim 1 wherein R 1 represents a branched alkyl or alkene group; and R 2 and R 3 represent linear or branched alkyl groups.
7. The admixture system of claim 1 wherein R 1 represents a branched alkyl or alkene group; and R 2 and R 3 represent linear or branched alcohol, ester, or polyoxyalkylene groups.
8. The admixture system of claim 1 wherein said polycarboxylic acid or salt or derivative thereof of component (A) and said tertiary amine defoamer of component (B) are present together in a ratio no less than 9:1 and in a ratio no more than 200:1.
9. The admixture system of claim 1 wherein said polycarboxylic acid or salt or derivative thereof of component (A) and said tertiary amine defoamer of component (B) are present together in a ratio no less than 11:1 and in a ratio no more than 100:1.
10. The admixture system of claim 1 wherein said polycarboxylic acid or salt or derivative thereof of component (A) and said tertiary amine defoamer of component (B) are present together in a ratio no less than 15:1 and in a ratio no more than 50:1.
11. The admixture system of claim 1 wherein said polycarboxylic acid or salt or derivative thereof is formed by reacting an acrylic polymer with ammonia or an alkoxylated amine.
12. The admixture system of claim 11 wherein said amine reactant used in forming said acrylic polymer is selected from ammonia or an alkyl-terminated alkoxy amine represented by the formula:
H 2 N-(AO) n —R″
in which AO represents a C 2 -C 10 oxyalkylene group in which O represents an oxygen atom and A represents a C 2 -C 10 alkylene group; and R″ represents a C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, and “n” is an integer selected from 1 to 200.
13. The admixture system of claim 12 wherein said acrylic polymer is a comb polymer comprising a carbon containing backbone to which is attached groups shown by the following structures (I) and (II), and, additionally and optionally, by structures (III) or (IV):
wherein each R independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group (—CH 3 ) group; X represents hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, R′ or an alkali or alkaline earth metal cation, an alkanolamine, or a mixture thereof; R′ represents a hydrogen atom or a C 2 -C 10 oxyalkylene group represented by (AO) n R″ in which O represents an oxygen atom, A represents a C 2 -C 10 alkylene group, R″ represents a C 1 -C 10 alkyl and n represents an integer of from 1-200, or mixtures thereof; and a, b, c, and d are numerical values representing molar percentage of the polymer's structure such that a is a value of about 50-100; the sum of c plus d is 0 to a value of (100−a); and b is not more than (100−(a+c+d)).
14. The admixture system of claim 13 wherein said comb polymer comprises groups shown by structures (I), (II), (III), and (IV).
15. The admixture system of claim 13 wherein said water reducer is formed by polymerization of ethylenically-unsaturated carboxylic acids to form comb polymer backbone and by attaching to the backbone non-ionic pendant groups.
16. The admixture system of claim 1 wherein said water reducer further comprises ionically attached air-detraining functional side chains.
17. The admixture system of claim 1 further comprising a second amine defoamer having represented by the formula X 2 N(BO) z R, wherein X represents hydrogen, R represents hydrogen, a C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, or BNH 2 , B represents a C 2 -C 10 alkylene group, and z represents an integer from 5 to 200.
18. The admixture system of claim 17 wherein said tertiary amine defoamer and said second amine defoamer are present in a ratio of 10:1 to 1:10.
19. The admixture system of claim 13 wherein said comb polymer comprises a copolymer of a polyoxyalkylene derivative and a maleic anhydride.
20. The admixture system of claim 13 wherein said water reducer comprises linear copolymers of N-vinylamides with addition products selected amines, amino acids, amino groups containing aromatic sulfonic acids, amino alcohols of maleic anhydride, and maleic esters of polyoxyalkyleneglycols or their monoethers, or a mixture thereof.
21. A hydratable cementitious composition comprising a hydratable cementitious binder and the admixture system of claim 1 .
22. Method for modifying a hydratable cementitious composition, comprising introducing to a hydratable cementitious binder the admixture system of claim 1 .
23. The admixture system of claim 1 wherein said tertiary amine defoamer comprises tallowalkyliminobispropanol, dodecyldimethylamine, octadecyldimethylamine, oleyldimethylamine, cocoalkyliminobispropanol, oleyliminobispropanol, tallowalkyldimethylamine, oleyldimethylamine, cocoalkyldimethylamine, soyaalkyldimethylamine, dicocoalkylmethylamine, tridodecylamine, or mixtures thereof.
24. The admixture system of claim 1 further comprising a primary amine.