Nonaqueous liquid electrolyte
View Patent ↗Disclosed is a nonaqueous liquid electrolyte comprising poly(siloxane-g-3 ethylene oxide) and its synthesis. This electrolyte provides significant safety, improved electrochemical stability, improved conductivity, lower impedance, and lower manufacturing costs.
1. A battery, comprising:
a nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte that includes at least one ionizable salt and a poly(siloxane-g-ethylene oxide) represented by the formula
wherein
n=4 to 20;
m=0 to 20;
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are each chosen from a group consisting of: methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl; and
R 4 is [—O-(polyalkylene oxide)-R 11 ] wherein R 11 is an alkyl group, and a terminal oxygen in the polyalkylene oxide is linked directly to R 11 .
2. The battery of claim 1 , wherein n is 4 to 12.
3. The battery of claim 1 , wherein n is 8.
4. The battery of claim 1 , wherein m is 0 to 8.
5. The battery of claim 1 , wherein m is 0.
6. The battery of claim 1 , wherein n=4 to 12 and m is 0.
7. The battery of claim 1 , wherein n is 8 and m is 0.
8. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the R 4 includes a poly(ethylene oxide) ether.
9. The battery of claim 8 , wherein the poly(ethylene oxide) ether is a methyl ether.
10. The battery of claim 8 , wherein the poly(ethylene oxide) includes 2 to 10 ethylene oxide units.
11. The battery of claim 8 , wherein the poly(ethylene oxide) includes 3 ethylene oxide units.
12. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the dissolved ionizable salt is an alkali metal salt.
13. The battery of claim 12 , wherein the alkali metal salt includes a lithium salt.
14. The battery of claim 12 , wherein the said salt includes at least one salt selected from the group consisting of: LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 (LiTFSI), LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , Li(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N, LiC(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 , LiN(SO 2 C 2 F 5 ) 2 , lithium bis(chelato) borate having five to seven membered rings, and lithium alkyl fluorophosphates.
15. The battery of claim 1 , wherein a side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio of the electrolyte is 5:1 to 50:1.
16. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio of the electrolyte is about 10:1 to about 35:1.
17. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio of the electrolyte is 12:1 to 28:1.
18. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio of the electrolyte is about 15:1 to about 25:1.
19. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio of the electrolyte is about 15:1.
20. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the ionizable salt includes a quaternary ammonium salt having an anion selected from the group consisting of: ClO 4 − , BF 4 − , AsF 6 − , FF 6 − , CF 3 SO 3 − , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N − , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 C − , (C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 N − , PF 3 (C 2 F 5 ) 3 − , PF 3 (CF 3 ) 3 − , and B(C 2 O 4 ) 2 − .
21. The battery of claim 1 , further comprising:
boron detectable by at least one technique chosen from the following: mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).