Anti-infectious carbohydrates
Neutral straight-chain or branched oligosaccharides for preventing the invasion and infection of mammal cells by pathogens and for fighting diseases caused by such pathogens are disclosed. Food, dietetic products and pharmaceutical agents containing oligosaccharides consist of a base unit of formula (I), and between 0 and 19 other units of formula (II), which are linked directly or indirectly to the base unit. Gal represents a galactose monosaccharide unit; Glc represents a glucose monosaccharide unit; HexNAc rpresents an N-acetylated galactosamine or glucosamine monosaccharide unit (GalNAc or GlcNAc); R independently represent a β 1-3 or β 1-6 glycosidic link to HexNAc monosaccharide of the next [Gal-HexNAc] unit (II), and on a terminal [Gal-HexNAc] unit, or R are not present; and a terminal [Gal-HexNAc] unit, wherein R represent a deoxyhexose radical, can have another deoxyhexose radical on the HexNAc monosaccharide unit.
1. A method for treating an infection caused by Listeria bacteria in a patient, comprising:
administering to said patient in need thereof a composition comprising an effective amount of isolated neutral straight-chain or branched oligosaccharides of a base unit of formula I:
and 0 to 19 further units linked thereto having a formula of formula II:
wherein
Gal represents a galactose monosaccharide unit,
Glc represents a glucose monosaccharide unit,
HexNAc represents an N-acetylated galactosamine monosaccharide or glucosamine monosaccharide unit (GalNAc or GlcNAc),
R is present or not present, and independently a β1-3 or β1-6 glycosidic bond to the HexNAc monosaccharide unit of the next [Gal-HexNAc] unit of formula II, and at a terminal [Gal-HexNAc] unit, a first deoxyhexose residue linked to the galactose monosaccharide unit of said terminal [Gal-HexNAc] unit, and
a terminal [Gal-HexNAc] unit, wherein R is a first deoxyhexose residue, and wherein the HexNAc monosaccharide unit optionally has a second deoxyhexose residue, and
wherein the patient is pregnant, debilitated, sick, elderly, or an infant.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the infection is Listeriosis.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oligosaccharides are administered in an amount of at least 1 mg per kg of body weight and per day to a human or an animal.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the Listeria bacteria is Listeria monocytogenes.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oligosaccharides are isolated lacto-N-fucopentaose or isolated lacto-N-tetraose.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oligosaccharides are isolated lacto-N-fucopentaose I and said isolated lacto-N-fucopentaose I is immobilized on or absorbed on a carrier.