Method and device for the continuous production of steel using metal charge material
View Patent ↗The invention relates to a method and device for the continuous production of steel using metal charge material ( 8 ) that is preheated in an upper part of a melting vessel ( 2 ), is then melted in a lower part ( 9 ) of the melting vessel l( 2 ) with fossil fuels ( 23 ) and the molten material ( 16 ) is continuously discharged into a treatment vessel ( 3 ) in which the desired steel quality is adjusted while gases ( 22 ) are introduced into the melting vessel ( 2 ) from the exterior to afterburn the melting exhaust gases ( 13 ). The aim of the invention is to improve the aforementioned afterburn step while at the same time reducing oxidation of the iron-containing charge materials. For this purpose, the process gases ( 13 ) are step-wise afterburned when ascending in the melting vessel ( 2 ) by introducing the afterburn gases ( 22 ) into the interior of the charge material column by way of an interior shaft ( 5 ) that projects into the material column and in whose walls ( 20 ) inlet openings ( 21 ) for the gases ( 22 ) are disposed and form afterburn planes (E 1 , E 2 ) arranged one on top of the other. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the inventive method.
1. Equipment ( 1 ) for the continuous production of steel with the use of metal charge materials ( 8 ), which comprises a melting vessel ( 2 ) with at least one burner ( 14 ) for fossil fuels ( 23 ) that acts on the charge materials in a lower part ( 9 ) of the melting vessel ( 2 ), and a treatment vessel ( 3 ), which is connected with the lower part ( 6 ) of the melting vessel ( 2 ) by a taphole ( 10 ), such that the molten metal ( 16 ) is continuously discharged into the treatment vessel, in which the desired grade of steel is adjusted, such that the charge materials ( 8 ) are preheated in an upper part of the melting vessel ( 2 ) by the process gases ( 13 ), and such that gases ( 22 ) are introduced into the melting vessel ( 2 ) from the outside for post combustion of the process gases ( 13 ), wherein the melting vessel ( 2 ) has a central hollow interior shaft ( 5 ), which extends from above into the melting vessel ( 2 ) along the longitudinal axis of the melting vessel ( 2 ) substantially up to a level of the tap hole, and that the wall ( 20 ) of the interior shaft ( 5 ) has inlets ( 21 ) that connect an interior of the shaft ( 5 ) with an interior of the melting vessel ( 2 ) for introducing post-combustion gases ( 22 ) from the interior of the shaft ( 5 ) to the interior of the melting vessel ( 2 ), which are arranged one above the other along the casing of the interior shaft for post combustion of the process gases ( 13 ) in stages in post-combustion planes (E 1 -E 4 ) arranged one above the other, wherein the interior shaft ( 5 ) has feed means ( 19 ) for introducing fossil fuels to at least one burner ( 14 ) arranged at an end of the interior shaft that projects into the charge materials (B).
2. Equipment in accordance with claim 1 , wherein it has means ( 35 ) for determining the properties of the process gases along the height of the melting vessel ( 2 ) and means ( 39 ) for adjusting the type, amount, and composition of the post-combustion gases ( 22 ) for post combustion of the process gases ( 13 ) in stages with a certain degree of post combustion.
3. Equipment in accordance with claim 1 , wherein a plurality of inlets ( 21 ) with separate feed lines ( 18 ) for post-combustion gases ( 22 ) are arranged at specific heights along the circumference of the interior shaft ( 5 ).
4. Equipment in accordance with claim 1 , wherein inlets ( 42 ) of the melting vessel ( 2 ) are arranged in a given plane (E 3 , E 4 ) and are offset relative to two planes (E 1 , E 2 ) of inlets ( 21 ) of the interior shaft ( 5 ), which are arranged one below the other.
5. Equipment in accordance with claim 1 , wherein means ( 40 ) for moving the interior shaft along the longitudinal axis of the melting vessel ( 2 ) and/or means ( 41 ) for rotating the interior shaft ( 5 ) about its longitudinal axis are provided.
6. Equipment in accordance with claim 1 , wherein means ( 43 ) for moving the at least one burner ( 14 ) inside the interior shaft ( 5 ) are provided.
7. Equipment in accordance with claim 1 , wherein an upper part ( 12 ) of the treatment vessel ( 3 ) has a gas discharge line, which is connected gastight with the lower part ( 6 ) of the melting vessel, and the process gases ( 13 ) that form during the adjustment of the steel grade in the treatment vessel ( 3 ) flow into the lower part of the melting vessel ( 2 ) and preheat the charge materials ( 8 ) as they ascend in the melting vessel.
8. Equipment in accordance with claim 4 , wherein the inlets ( 42 ) are arranged in a wall ( 7 ) of the melting vessel ( 2 ) at an angular displacement of up to 0.5 j relative to the inlets ( 21 ) in the interior shaft ( 5 ), where j is the angle between two adjacent inlets ( 42 ) in a post-combustion plane with the center of the interior shaft as the vertex of the angle.
9. Equipment in accordance with claim 1 , wherein post-combustion spaces ( 146 ) for post combustion of the process gases ( 113 ) outside a column of charge materials are arranged along the wall ( 107 ) of the melting vessel or outside the melting vessel and/or in the wall of the interior shaft or inside the interior shaft, such that inlets ( 142 ) for the post-combustion gases ( 122 ) or the oxidizers open into the post-combustion spaces ( 146 ).
10. Equipment in accordance with claim 1 , wherein it has a heat-exchange unit ( 24 ), through which the gases ( 22 ) that support the post combustion and the gases ( 23 ) for the burners ( 14 ) flow in countercurrent with respect to the hot exhaust gases ( 13 ).
11. Equipment in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the treatment vessel ( 3 ) is constructed in such a way that it can be moved and interchanged in whole or in part and acts as a buffer for the metallurgical process line between the melting vessel ( 2 ) and subsequent processing stations, especially a continuous casting plant.