Method and device for converting a quantized digital value
View Patent ↗The invention concerns a method and a device for converting an input digital value quantized in accordance with a first quantization factor and encoded on at most n1 bits, into an output digital value quantized in accordance with a second quantization factor and encoded on at most n2 bits. The method comprises the steps of: multiplying the input digital value by an integer B, encoded on at most β bits, so as to generate an intermediate digital value; and dividing, in fixed point, the first intermediate digital value by the number 2 α , where α is an integer not greater than n1+β, generating the output digital value. The number B/2 α is substantially equal to the ratio of the second quantization factor over the first quantization factor. Additionally, the divider means comprise a Sigma-Delta modulator.
1. A method for converting a digital input value quantized according to a first quantization coefficient and encoded over at most n1 bits, into a digital output value quantized according to a second quantization coefficient and encoded over at most n2 bits, where n1 and n2 are nonzero integers, comprising the steps of:
multiplying the digital input value by an integer B encoded over at most β bits, where β is a nonzero integer, so as to generate a first intermediate digital value encoded over at most n1+β bits; and
fixed-point dividing said first intermediate digital value by a number 2 α , where α is an integer less than or equal to n1+β, so as to generate said digital output value,
wherein a number
B
2
α
is substantially equal to the ratio of said second quantization coefficient to said first quantization coefficient;
and wherein the step of fixed point dividing is carried out by means of a sigma-delta modulator.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the step of fixed-point dividing comprises the steps of:
adding said first intermediate digital value, on the one hand, and a digital error value encoded over at most α bits, on the other hand, so as to generate a second intermediate digital value encoded over at most n1+β+1 bits;
selecting a given number n2 of the most significant bits of said second intermediate digital value as the digital output value, where n2 is equal to n1+β+1−α; and
selecting a given number α of the least significant bits of said second intermediate digital value as the digital error value.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the steps of selecting are carried out together with the aid of a discriminator for separating the n1+β+1−α most significant bits of the second intermediate digital value, on the one hand, and the α least significant bits of said second intermediate digital value, on the other hand.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the step of selecting the n2 most significant bits is carried out via an operation of shifting to the right by α bits, which is applied to the n1+β+1 bits of the second intermediate digital value.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the step of selecting the α least significant bits is carried out by applying to the second intermediate digital value a mask having at most n1+β+1 bits, the n1+α+1−α most significant bits of which are equal to the logical value 0 and the α least significant bits of which are equal to the logical value 1.
6. The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the step of selecting the α least significant bits is carried out, on the one hand, by an operation of shifting to the left by α, which is applied to the n1+β+1−α bits of the digital output value for generating a third intermediate digital value encoded over at most n1+β+1 bits and, on the other hand, by a difference operation between said third intermediate digital value and said first intermediate digital value.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein neither the first quantization coefficient nor the second quantization coefficient is an integer multiple of the other.
8. A device for converting a digital input value quantized according to a first quantization coefficient and encoded over at most n1 bits, into a digital output value quantized according to a second quantization coefficient and encoded over at most n2 bits, where n1 and n2 are nonzero integers, comprising:
multiplier means for multiplying the digital input value by an integer B encoded over at most β bits, where β is a nonzero integer, so as to generate a first intermediate digital value encoded over at most n1+β bits; and
divider means for fixed-point dividing said first intermediate digital value by the number 2α, where α is an integer less than or equal to n1+β, so as to generate said digital output value,
wherein a number
B
2
α
is substantially equal to the ratio of said second quantization coefficient to said first quantization coefficient;
and wherein said divider means comprise a sigma-delta modulator.
9. The device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the sigma-delta modulator is a 1 st order sigma-delta modulator.
10. The device as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the sigma-delta modulator comprises:
adder means which receive as input said first intermediate digital value as a first operand, on the one hand, and a digital error value encoded over at most α bits as a second operand, on the other hand, and which deliver as output a second intermediate digital value encoded over at most n1+β+1 bits;
selection means for selecting a given number n2 of the most significant bits of said second intermediate digital value as the digital output value, where n2 is equal to n1+β+1−α; and for selecting the a given number α of the least significant bits of said second intermediate digital value as the digital error value.
11. The device as claimed in claim 10 , wherein said selection means comprise a discriminator for separating the n1+β+1−α most significant bits of the second intermediate digital value, on the one hand, and the α least significant bits of said second intermediate digital value, on the other hand.
12. The device as claimed in claim 10 , wherein said selection means comprise an operator for shifting to the right by α bits, which receives as input the n1+β+1 bits of the second intermediate digital value, and which delivers as output the n1+β+1−α most significant bits of the second intermediate digital value as a digital output value.
13. The device as claimed in claim 12 , wherein said selection means further comprise means for applying to the second intermediate digital value a mask having at most n1+β+1 bits, the n1+β+1−α most significant bits of which are equal to the logical value 0 and the α least significant bits of which are equal to the logical value 1, so as to select the α least significant bits of said second intermediate digital value as the digital error value.
14. The device as claimed in claim 12 , wherein said selection means further comprise, on the one hand, an operator for shifting to the left by α bits, which receives as input the n1+β+1−α bits of the digital output value and delivers as output a third intermediate digital value encoded over at most n1+β+1 bits and, on the other hand, a difference operator which receives said third intermediate digital value as a first operand and said first intermediate digital value as a second operand, and which delivers as output the digital error value.
15. The device as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the error signal is delivered to the input of the adder means through a unitary delay operator.
16. A digitally modulated frequency synthesizer, comprising a phase-locked loop comprising a variable-ratio frequency divider in a return path, wherein the division ratio is controlled by a digital value obtained in particular from a real value corresponding to the central frequency of a radio channel, the synthesizer further comprising a conversion device as claimed in claim 8 for reducing the quantization error affecting said real value.