Catalyst and method for hydrogenating aromatic compounds
View Patent ↗The invention relates to the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds, in particular the preparation of alicyclic polycarboxylic acids or esters of these, via ring hydrogenation of the corresponding aromatic polycarboxylic acids or esters of these, and also to catalysts suitable for this purpose.
1. A catalyst for the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds, which comprises at least one metal of the eighth transition group of the periodic table of the elements on or in a support material, wherein the support material has an average pore diameter of from 25 to 50 nm and a specific surface area greater than 30 m 2 /g, and
over 90% of the total pore volume of the support material is comprised of meso- and micropores with a diameter of 0.1 to 50 nm, and wherein the catalyst can hydrogenise the aromatic compounds to the corresponding alicyclic compounds.
2. The catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the support material comprises activated carbon, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, aluminosilicate, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, or mixtures thereof.
3. The catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , which further comprises at least one metal of the first transition group of the periodic table of the elements.
4. The catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , which further comprises at least one metal of the seventh transition group of the periodic table of the elements.
5. The catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the aromatic compound comprises benzene-, diphenyl-, naphthalene-, diphenyl oxide-, or anthracenecarboxylic acid, corresponding anhydrides, and/or corresponding esters.
6. The catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the support material has an average pore diameter of from 25 to 40 nm.
7. The catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the support material has a specific surface area of from 30-90 m 2 /g.
8. The catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the support material is comprised of meso- and micropores with a diameter of from 0.1 to 20 nm.
9. The catalyst as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the content of the metal of the eighth transition group of the periodic table of the elements on or in a support material is from 0.1 to 30% by weight.
10. A process for the catalytic hydrogenation of an aromatic compound with one or more hydrogen-containing gases on a catalyst which comprises at least one metal of the eighth transition group of the periodic table of the elements on or in a support material,
wherein the support material has an average pore diameter of from 25 to 50 nm and a specific surface area greater than 30 m 2 /g, and wherein over 90% of the total pore volume of the support materials is comprised of meso- and micropores with a diameter of from 0.1 to 50 nm,
the aromatic compounds comprise aromatic monocarboxylic acids or their alkyl esters or aromatic polycarboxylic acids or their anhydrides, half esters, or full esters, and
said aromatic compounds are reacted to give the corresponding alicyclic poly- and/or monocarboxylic acid compounds.
11. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the support material comprises activated carbon, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, aluminosilicate, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, or mixtures thereof.
12. The process as claimed in claim 10 , which further comprises at least one metal of the first transition group of the periodic table of the elements.
13. The process as claimed in claim 10 , which further comprises at least one metal of the seventh transition group of the periodic table of the elements.
14. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the aromatic compound comprises benzene-, diphenyl-, naphthalene-, diphenyl oxide-, or anthracenecarboxylic acid, corresponding anhydrides, and/or corresponding esters.
15. The process as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the alcohol components of the esters of the organic compounds are in each case identical or different and are alkoxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, and/or alkyl groups having from 1 to 25 carbon atoms, branched or unbranched.
16. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the support material has an average pore diameter of from 25 to 40 nm.
17. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the support material has a specific surface area of from 30-90 m 2 /g.
18. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the support material is comprised of meso- and micropores with a diameter of from 0.1 to 20 nm.
19. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the content of the metal of the eighth transition group of the periodic table of the elements on or in a support material is from 0.1 to 30% by weight.
20. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the process is carried out in the pressure range 3 to 300 bar and the hydrogenation temperature of from 50 to 250° C.