Astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester, process for producing the same and composition containing the ester
The present invention provides an astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester, which is expected to be applied in the fields of food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and has higher digestibility and tissue penetration than long chain fatty acid ester form astaxanthins. When the synthesis of an astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester is attempted using the catalytic action of lipase by conventional methods, ester cannot be formed. However, according to the present invention, a composition comprising an astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid monoester and/or diester is produced by adding a certain amount of water into a reaction system and reacting an astaxanthin or a long chain fatty acid ester thereof with a medium-chain fatty acid, a triglyceride thereof or a suitable ester. Moreover, these monoesters and/or diesters are isolated, as necessary. The present invention further provides food or cosmetics comprising the composition of the present invention.
1 . An astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester produced by using a lipase.
2 . The astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester according to claim 1 , wherein the medium-chain fatty acid ester is a medium-chain fatty acid monoester or medium-chain fatty acid diester.
3 . The astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester according to claim 2 , wherein the medium-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid having 8 to 12 carbon atoms.
4 . The astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester according to claim 3 , wherein the medium-chain fatty acid has an even number of carbon atoms.
5 . The astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester according to claim 4 , wherein the medium-chain fatty acid has 8 carbon atoms.
6 . (canceled)
7 . An astaxanthin octanoic acid monoester, astaxanthin octanoic acid diester.
8 . A method of producing the astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester according to claim 1 , by using a lipase.
9 . The method according to claim 8 , wherein an esterification and/or transesterification is carried out using one or more astaxanthin materials selected from the group consisting of a free astaxanthin, an ester form astaxanthin different from a medium-chain fatty acid ester, and a mixture of ester form astaxanthins different from a medium-chain fatty acid ester; and one or more medium-chain fatty acid materials selected from the group consisting of a free medium-chain fatty acid, a medium-chain fatty acid monoglyceride, a medium-chain fatty acid diglyceride, a medium-chain fatty acid triglyceride, and a medium-chain fatty acid lower alcohol ester.
10 . The method according to claim 8 , wherein the lipase is one or more of lipases selected from the group consisting of a lipase derived from yeast belonging to Candida , lipase derived from a microorganism belonging to Chromobacterium , a lipase derived from a microorganism belonging to Alcaligenes , and a lipase derived from animal pancreas.
11 . The method according to claim 10 , wherein the lipase is derived from yeast belonging to Candida.
12 . The method according to claim 9 , wherein the astaxanthin material is free astaxanthin and/or a mixture of different types of ester form astaxanthins, and the medium-chain fatty acid material is a medium-chain fatty acid triglyceride.
13 . The method according to claim 8 , wherein water is added.
14 . The method according to claim 13 , wherein water is added at the amount of 0.5 w/w to 20 w/w % with respect to the amount of the oil material.
15 . A food composition obtained by mixing the food and the composition comprising the astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester according to claim 21 for specific nutritive requirements, or food thereof.
16 . A food additive, which comprises the composition comprising the astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester according to claim 21 .
17 . A cosmetic, which comprises the composition comprising the astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester according to claim 21 .
18 . An animal feed, which comprises the composition comprising the astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester according to claim 21 .
19 . A method of producing an astaxanthin octanoic acid monoester, an astaxanthin octanoic acid diester, or a composition comprising at least one astaxanthin octanic acid monoester or astaxanthin octanoic acid diester,
said method comprising the following steps (a) and (b):
(a) a step of extracting said compound from Crustacea using a solvent or supercritical CO 2 , and
(b) a step of purifying said compound from the extract obtained by the step (a).
20 . The method according to claim 19 , wherein Crustacea is Euphausiacea.
21 . A composition comprising an astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester produced by using a lipase.
22 . The composition according to claim 21 , wherein the medium-chain fatty acid ester is a medium-chain fatty acid monoester or medium-chain fatty acid diester.
23 . The composition according to claim 21 , wherein the medium-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid having 8 to 12 carbon atoms.
24 . The composition according to claim 21 , wherein the medium-chain fatty acid has an even number of carbon atoms.
25 . The composition according to claim 21 , wherein the medium-chain fatty acid has 8 carbon atoms.
26 . The composition according to claim 21 , which comprises the astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester in an amount of at least 0. 1%.
27 . A composition comprising at least one astaxanthin octanoic acid monoester or astaxanthin octanoic acid diester.
28 . A method of producing the composition comprising an astaxanthin medium-chain fatty acid ester according to claim 21 , by using a lipase.
29 . A food composition obtained by mixing the food and the composition according to claim 27 for specific nutritive requirements, or food thereof.
30 . A food additive, which comprises the composition according to claim 27 .
31 . A cosmetic, which comprises the composition according to claim 27 .
32 . An animal feed, which comprises the composition according to claim 27.