Method of examining and diagnosing integration dysfunction syndrome
The present invention relates to a method of examining or diagnosing schizophrenia, which includes measuring concentrations of D-serine and L-serine in a biological sample. According to the method of the present invention, schizophrenia can be examined or diagnosed by measuring concentrations of D-serine and L-serine in a biological sample by analysis techniques such as high performance liquid chromatography and the like.
1 . A method of examining schizophrenia, which comprises measuring concentration(s) of (a) D-serine, (b) L-serine or (c) D-serine and L-serine in a biological sample.
2 . The examination method of claim 1 , wherein an index is that the D-serine concentration in a biological sample is lower than an average of said concentration in a healthy individual or a group of healthy individuals.
3 . The examination method of claim 1 , wherein an index is that the D-serine concentration in a biological sample is lower than an average−standard deviation of the concentration in a healthy individual or a group of healthy individuals.
4 . The examination method of claim 1 , wherein an index is that the D-serine concentration in a biological sample is lower than the average+standard deviation of said concentration in an individual with schizophrenia or a group of individuals with schizophrenia.
5 . The examination method of claim 1 , wherein an index is that the L-serine concentration in a biological sample is higher than an average of said concentration in a healthy individual or a group of healthy individuals.
6 . The examination method of claim 1 , wherein an index is a ratio of the D-serine concentration to the total serine concentration in a biological sample.
7 . The examination method of claim 6 , wherein an index is that the ratio of the D-serine concentration to the total serine concentration in a biological sample is lower than an average of said ratio in a healthy individual or a group of healthy individuals.
8 . The examination method of claim 6 , wherein an index is that the ratio of the D-serine concentration to the total serine concentration in a biological sample is lower than an average−standard deviation of said ratio in a healthy individual or a group of healthy individuals.
9 . The examination method of claim 6 , wherein an index is that the ratio of the D-serine concentration to the total serine concentration in a biological sample is lower than an average+standard deviation of said ratio in an individual with schizophrenia or a group of individuals with schizophrenia.
10 . The examination method of claim 1 , further comprising selecting patients with schizophrenia for whom the D-serine therapy is effective.
11 . The examination method of claim 1 , which uses an amino acid labeling reagent.
12 . The examination method of claim 11 , further comprising steps of contacting an amino acid labeling reagent with a biological sample to label serine and separating or quantifying the labeled D-serine and the labeled L-serine.
13 . The examination method of claim 12 , further comprising a step of separating and quantifying the labeled serine before the step of separating or quantifying the labeled D-serine and the labeled L-serine.
14 - 15 . (canceled)
16 . The examination method of claim 13 , wherein the labeled serine is separated or quantified using chromatography.
17 . (canceled)
18 . The examination method of claim 16 , wherein the chromatography is high performance liquid chromatography.
19 . The examination method of claim 12 , wherein the labeled D-serine and the labeled L-serine are separated or quantified using a column or capillary.
20 . The examination method of claim 19 , wherein the column or capillary is a column or capillary for optical resolution.
21 . The examination method of claim 11 , wherein the amino acid labeling reagent is an amino acid fluorescence-labeling reagent.
22 . The examination method of claim 21 , wherein the amino acid fluorescence-labeling reagent is 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole.
23 . A reagent for examining schizophrenia, which comprises an amino acid labeling reagent.
24 . The reagent of claim 23 , wherein the amino acid labeling reagent is an amino acid fluorescence-labeling reagent.
25 . The reagent of claim 24 , wherein the amino acid fluorescence-labeling reagent is 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole.
26 . A method of examining or diagnosing schizophrenia, which comprises measuring concentrations of D-serine and L-serine in serum and using an increase or decrease in the concentration as an index.
27 . A method of examining or diagnosing schizophrenia, which comprises measuring a D-serine concentration in serum and using a decrease in the concentration as an index.
28 . A method of examining or diagnosing schizophrenia, which comprises measuring an L-serine concentration in serum and using an increase in the concentration as an index.