Method for the flame spray coating of surfaces with powder to create the lotus effect
A process for producing self-cleaning surfaces by a dry coating process. The process produces self-cleaning surfaces that have elevations formed by particles applied dry to the surface by a modified flame-spraying process. The process can equip textiles and other articles, in particular those having plastic surfaces, with self-cleaning properties.
1 - 16 . (canceled)
17 . A process for producing surfaces with self-cleaning properties by applying particles to the surface and securing the particles within the surface, thus forming elevations whose separation is from 20 nm to 100 μm and whose height is from 20 nm to 100 μm, the process comprising:
applying the particles through spray-application of the particles by a hot air stream whose temperature softens a material of the surface to be treated to a degree such that at least part of a periphery of the particles can penetrate the material of the surface, and such that the particles that have penetrated, at least to some extent, the material of the surface are secured within the surface on cooling of the substrate.
18 . The process as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the material of the surface is selected from thermoplastics, or from low-melting-point metals or alloys selected from tin, lead, Wood's metal, gallium, or soft solder.
19 . The process as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the surface is the surface of a film, of a three-dimensional article, or of a molding.
20 . The process as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the hot air stream is produced electrically or by combustion of combustible gases.
21 . The process as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the particles are added to the air stream before or after the air stream is heated.
22 . The process as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the particles have a surface with an irregular fine structure in the nanometer range.
23 . The process as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the particles have an average particle diameter from 0.02 to 100 μm.
24 . The process as claimed in claim 23 , wherein the particles have an average particle diameter from 0.1 to 30 μm.
25 . The process as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the particles are selected from silicates, minerals, metals oxides, metal powders, silicas, pigments, HT polymers.
26 . The process as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the particles are selected from fumed silicas, precipitated silicas, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, doped silicates, and pulverulent HT polymers.
27 . The process as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the particles are equipped with hydrophobic properties through treatment with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkyl silanes, fluoroalkyl silanes, and disilazanes.
28 . A self-cleaning surface produced by a process as claimed in claim 17 .
29 . The surface as claimed in claim 28 , which has elevations formed from particles, wherein the elevations have a separation from 20 μm to 100 μm and a height of from 20 nm to 100 μm.
30 . The surface as claimed in claim 28 , which is the surface of a textile, of a film, of a three-dimensional article, of a molding.
31 . The use of the process as claimed in claim 17 for coating of articles exposed to high levels of contamination by dirt and water, in particular for outdoor sector, ski sports, alpine sports, motor sports, motorcycle sports, motocross sports, sailing sports, textiles for leisure sector, or for coating technical textiles selected from tenting, awnings, umbrellas, table covers, cabriolet covers, and workwear.
32 . An article with a surface as claimed in 28 , which encompasses films, consumer articles, sports items, textiles, clothing, and moldings.