Plasma purification membrane and plasma purification system
A plasma purification membrane and a plasma purification system for treating diseases. The above plasma purification membrane is a hollow fiber plasma purification membrane being made of a hydrophobic polymer and a hydrophilic polymer and having a sponge-like structure wherein the pore size is continuously decreased from the outer surface of the membrane toward the inner surface thereof, characterized in that the break strength of the membrane is 50 kgf/cm 2 or more and, in the case of the inner pressure filtration of bovine plasma, the total protein permeability is 50% or more while the immunoglobulin (IgM) permeability is 90% or less.
1. A hollow fiber plasma purification membrane, comprising:
an aromatic polysulfone and polyvinylpyrrolidone and having a polyvinylpyrrolidone concentration on an inner surface of the membrane of 20 to 40 wt%, the membrane having a sponge structure in which a pore size is continuously decreased from an outer surface to the inner surface of the membrane, and having a breaking stress of 71 kgf/cm 2 or more, and when subjecting bovine plasma to inside-out filtration the membrane having a total protein permeability of 50% or more and an immunoglobulin (IgM) permeability of 90% or less when subjecting bovine plasma to inside-out filtration.
2. The hollow fiber plasma purification membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the membrane has circular or elliptical pores having an average pore size of 1 μm or more on the outer surface of the membrane.
3. The hollow fiber plasma purification membrane according to claim 1 , wherein porosity of the outer surface of the membrane is 10% or more.
4. The hollow fiber plasma purification membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the membrane has a ratio of thickness to internal diameter of 0.15 to 0.4.
5. The hollow fiber plasma purification membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the membrane has an external diameter of 400 μm or less.
6. The hollow fiber plasma purification membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the polyvinylpyrrolidone has a weight average molecular weight of 900,000 or more.
7. The hollow fiber plasma purification membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the membrane comprises water-insoluble polyvinylpyrrolidone.
8. The hollow fiber plasma purification membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the membrane is used to treat a patient suffering from age-related macular degeneration.
9. The hollow fiber plasma purification membrane according to claim 1 , wherein the membrane is used to treat a patient suffering from hyperlipidemia.
10. A plasma purification system, comprising: a plasma separator including a separation membrane which separates blood into blood cell components and plasma components; a plasma component separator including a separation membrane which separates the separated plasma components into pathogenic substances and plasma components from which the pathogenic substances are removed or reduced; first mixing means for mixing the plasma components from which the pathogenic substances are removed or reduced with a replenishment solution; and second mixing means for further mixing the plasma components subjected to the first mixing means with the blood cell components separated by the plasma separator; wherein the separation membrane included in the plasma component separator is the membrane according to claim 1 .
11. The plasma purification system according to claim 10 , further comprising means for heating plasma upstream of the second mixing means for mixing the plasma components with the blood cell components.
12. The plasma purification system according to claim 10 , comprising means for heating or cooling plasma downstream of the plasma separator and upstream of the plasma component separator.
13. The plasma purification system according to claim 10 , wherein an amount of discharge liquid including the pathogenic substances discharged from the plasma component separator is equal to an amount of the replenishment solution.
14. The plasma purification system according to claim 10 , which is controlled so that an amount of the plasma supplied from the plasma separator to the plasma component separator is equal to an amount of the plasma returned to the second mixing means.
15. The plasma purification system according to claim 10 , further comprising means for detecting bubbles in the blood downstream of the second mixing means and upstream of a blood outlet.
16. A plasma purification method comprising using the plasma purification system of claim 10 for treating blood, the process comprising the steps of:
subjecting the blood with a separation membrane which separates the blood into cell components and plasma components;
subjecting the plasma component with a membrane that separates or reduces pathogenic substances from plasma;
mixing the plasma from which the pathogenic substances are remove or reduced with a replenishing solution; and
further mixing the mixture of plasma and replenishing solution with the blood cells components separated by the plasma separator.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein said method treats a decease from blood of a leaving body.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the method is used for treating a patient suffering from age-related macular degeneration.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein the method is used for treating a patient suffering from hyperlipidemia.
20. A method for producing a hollow fiber plasma purification membrane comprising a hydrophobic polymer and a hydrophilic polymer, having a sponge structure in which a pore size is continuously decreased from an outer surface to an inner surface of the membrane, and having a breaking stress of 71 kgf/cm 2 or more, and a total protein permeability of 50% or more and an immunoglobulin (IgM) permeability of 90% or less when subjecting bovine plasma to inside-out filtration, comprising the steps of: discharging a membrane-forming solution and an internal solution from a double annular nozzle, passing the discharged mixture through an air gap, and coagulating the resulting mixture in a coagulation bath;
the method further characterized in that:
a) the membrane-forming solution comprises a hydrophobic polymer, a solvent for the hydrophobic polymer, and a hydrophilic polymer, and has a ratio of the hydrophilic polymer to the hydrophobic polymer of 27 to 60 wt %;
b) the internal solution comprises water and at least one solvent, and has a water content of 40 to 55 wt%;
c) the membrane-forming solution has a temperature of 50° C. or more at the nozzle;
d) the coagulation bath has a temperature of 90 to 100° C.; and
e) a ratio of the air gap to spinning speed is 0.01 to 0.1 m/(m/min).
21. The method for producing a hollow fiber plasma purification membrane according to claim 20 , further comprising the step of applying radiation to the membrane.
22. The method for producing a hollow fiber plasma purification membrane according to claim 20 , wherein the hydrophobic polymer is a polysulfone polymer.
23. The method for producing a hollow fiber plasma purification membrane according to claim 20 , wherein the solvent for the hydrophobic polymer is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
24. The method for producing a hollow fiber plasma purification membrane according to claim 20 , wherein the spinning speed is 60 m/min or more.