Method for determining susceptibility of tumor to treatment with anti-neoplastic agent
The level of one or more glucose transporters in a sample containing cancer cells is measured and compared to a reference value to determine whether the cancer is susceptible to treatment with an anti-cancer agent comprising glucose or glucose analog that is transported into the cancer by a glucose transporter.
1. A method for determining whether pancreatic islet cell carcinoma in an individual patient is susceptible to treatment with an anti-neoplastic agent transported by a glucose transporter, wherein the anti-neoplastic agent comprises either a glucose moiety or a glucose analog moiety selected from the group consisting of D-(+)-2-deoxy-glucose, D-(+)-2-amino-2-deoxy-glucose, N-acetyl D-(+)-2-amino-2-deoxy-glucose, D-mannose, D-3-amino-3-deoxy-glucose, D-2-amino-2-deoxy-glucose, D-galactose, D-2-deoxy-D-galactose, D-4-amino-4-deoxy-galactose, D-2-amino-2-deoxy-galactose, and fructose, comprising the steps of:
(a) obtaining a sample of the pancreatic islet cell carcinoma from the patient;
(b) measuring the level of the glucose transporter in the sample;
(c) comparing the measured level of the glucose transporter in the sample to the level of the glucose transporter in a sample of non-tumor pancreatic tissue; and
(d) determining that the pancreatic islet cell carcinoma is susceptible to treatment with the anti-neoplastic agent if the measured level of the glucose transporter in the sample is greater than the level of the glucose transporter in the sample of non-tumor pancreatic tissue.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucose analog moiety is fructose.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucose transporter is a Class I GLUT comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:13, and SEQ ID NO:14.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucose transporter is a Class II GLUT comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:5, SEQ ID NO:8, and SEQ ID NO:10.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glucose transporter is a Class III GLUT comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID NO:11, and SEQ ID NO:12.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising measuring the level of at least one additional glucose transporter in the sample.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the levels of at least one Class I GLUT comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:13, and SEQ ID NO:14, at least one Class II GLUT comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:5, SEQ ID NO:8, and SEQ ID NO:10, and at least one Class III GLUT comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID NO:11, and SEQ ID NO:12 are measured.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-neoplastic agent is streptozotocin.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the glucose transporter is a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-neoplastic agent is glufosfamide.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the glucose transporter is a Na+-dependent glucose transporter.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-neoplastic agent is a glyco-S-nitrosothiol.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the glucose transporter is a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the level of glucose transporter in the sample is measured by an immunological assay.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the level of glucose transporter in the sample is measured by an amplification of an RNA or cDNA.
16. The method of claim 1 wherein the glucose transporter is a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, and the anti-neoplastic agent is streptozotocin, glufosfamide, or a gluSNAP compound.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-tumor pancreatic tissue sample is non-tumor pancreatic tissue derived from the patient.