Methods of Treating Tnf-Mediated Disorders
The present invention provides methods of treating TNF-α-mediated disorders, the methods generally involving administering to an individual in need thereof effective amounts of pirfenidone or a pirfenidone analog and a second therapeutic agent that reduces TNF-α synthesis or that reduces TNF-α binding to a TNF receptor. The present invention further provides methods for treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, the method generally involving administering to an individual in need thereof an effective amount of pirfenidone. The present invention further provides methods of treating end-stage or advanced Type II diabetes, the methods generally involving administering to an individual in need thereof effective amounts of pirfenidone and insulin.
1 . A method of treating a TNF-mediated disorder in an individual, the method comprising administering to an individual in need thereof a sub-therapeutic amount of a TNF-α antagonist that is lower than a minimum dose effective, free of concomitant therapy with pirfenidone or a pirfenidone analog, to reduce one or more signs or symptoms of the disorder in the individual; and
co-administering an amount of pirfenidone or a pirfenidone analog that in combination with the amount of the TNF-α antagonist is effective to reduce one or more signs or symptoms of the TNF-mediated disorder in the individual, while reducing or avoiding the severity or incidence of infection that would arise from the use of the TNF-α antagonist at or above the minimum dose.
2 . (canceled)
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the TNF-α antagonist is a monoclonal antibody that binds TNF-α.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the monoclonal antibody is REMICADE®.
5 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the monoclonal antibody is HUMIRA™.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the TNF-α antagonist is a soluble TNF receptor.
7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein the soluble TNF receptor is ENBREL®.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the TNF-mediated disorder is rheumatoid arthritis.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the TNF-mediated disorder is Crohn's disease.
10 . A method of treating Type II diabetes in an individual, the method comprising administering to an individual having Type II diabetes an effective amount of pirfenidone or a pirfenidone analog and an effective amount of insulin, wherein the individual is insulin resistant and wherein the individual is insulin deficient.
11 . The method of claim 10 , wherein the insulin is selected from insulin aspart, insulin detemir, insulin lispro, insulin glargine, Ultralente, isophane insulin, Humulin 50/50, and Humulin 70/30.
12 . A method of treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, the method comprising administering to an individual in need thereof an effective amount of pirfenidone or a pirfenidone analog.