Cathepsin cysteine protease inhibitors

1. A compound of the following formula:

wherein

R 1 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl or C 2-6 alkenyl wherein said alkyl and alkenyl groups are optionally substituted with C 3-6 cycloalkyl, —SR 6 , —SR 7 , —SOR 6 , —SOR 7 , —SO 2 R 6 , —SO 2 R 7 , —SO 2 CH(R 7 )(R 9 ), —OR 7 , —OR 6 , —N(R 7 ) 2 , one to six halo, aryl, heteroaryl or heterocycyl wherein said aryl, heteroaryl and heterocycyl groups are optionally substituted with one or two substitutents independently selected from the group consisting of C 1-6 alkyl, halo, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy and keto;

R 2 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl or C 2-6 alkenyl wherein said alkyl and alkenyl groups are optionally substituted with C 3-6 cycloalkyl, —SR 6 , —SR 7 , —SOR 6 , —SOR 7 , —SO 2 R 6 , —SO 2 R 7 , —SO 2 CH(R 7 )(R 9 ), —OR 7 , —OR 6 , —N(R 7 ) 2 , one to six halo, aryl, heteroaryl or heterocycyl wherein said aryl, heteroaryl and heterocycyl groups are optionally substituted with one or two substitutents independently selected from the group consisting of C 1-6 alkyl, halo, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy or keto; or

R 1 and R 2 can be taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form a C 3-8 cycloalkyl or heterocycyl ring wherein said ring system is optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C 1-6 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl and halo;

each R 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo and C 1-2 alkyl wherein said alkyl group is optionally substituted with halo; or

two R 3 groups can be taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form a C 3-4 cycloalkyl ring, wherein said group is optionally substituted with halo;

D is aryl or heteroaryl, wherein each said aryl or heteroaryl groups, which may be monocyclic or bicyclic, is optionally substituted on either the carbon or the heteroatom with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C 1-6 alkyl, haloalkyl, halo, keto, alkoxy, —SR 6 , —SR 7 , —OR 6 , —OR 7 , N(R 7 ) 2 , —SO 2 R 6 and —SO 2 R 8 ;

E is aryl, wherein said aryl groups, which may be monocyclic or bicyclic, is optionally substituted on either the carbon or the heteroatom with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C 1-6 alkyl, haloalkyl, halo, keto, alkoxy, —SR 6 , —SR 7 , —OR 6 , —OR 7 , N(R 7 ) 2 , —SO 2 R 6 and —SO 2 R 8 ;

R 5 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 1-6 alkyloxy, halo, nitro, cyano, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, —C(O)OR 8 , —C(O)OSi[CH (CH 3 ) 2 ] 3 , —OR 6 , —OR 8 , —C(O)R 8 , —R 8 C(O)R 6 , —C(O)R 6 , —C(O)N(R a )(R b ), —C(O)N(R 7 )(R 7 ), —C(O)N(R 8 )(R 9 ), —C(R 8 )(R 9 )OH, —SO m R 7 , —SO m R 6 , —R 8 SR 6 , —R 6 , —C(R 6 ) 3 , —C(R 8 )(R 9 )N(R 6 ) 2 , —NR 8 C(O)NR 8 S(O) 2 R 6 , —SO m N(R c )(R d ), —SO m CH(R 8 )(R 9 ), —SO m (C 1-6 alkyl)C(O)(C 0-6 alkyl)NR 10 , —SO m (C 1-6 alkyl)N(R 10 ) 2 , —SO m (C 1-6 alkyl)R 10 ; —SO m (C 3-8 cycloalkyl)R 10 ; —SO 2 N(R 8 )C(O)(R 7 ), —SO 2 (R 8 )C(O)N(R 7 ) 2 , —OSO 2 R 8 , —N(R 8 )(R 9 ), —N(R 8 )C(O)N(R 8 )(R 6 ), —N(R 8 )C(O)R 6 , —N(R 8 )C(O)R 8 , —N(R 8 )C(O)OR 8 , —N(R 8 )SO 2 (R 8 ), —C(R 8 )(R 9 )NR 8 C(R 8 )(R 9 )R 6, —C(R 8)(R 9)N(R 8 )R 6 , —C(R 8 )(R 9 )N(R 8 )(R 9 ), —C(R 8 )(R 9 )SC(R 8 )(R 9 )(R 6 ), R 8 S—, —C(R a )(R b )Nr a C(R a )(R b )(R 6 ), —C(R a )(R b )N(R a )(R b ), —C(R a )(R b )C(R a )(R b )N(R a )(R b ), —C(O)C(R a )(R b )N(R a )(R b ), —C(R a )(R b )N(R a )C(O)R 6 , —C(O)C(R a )(R b )S(R a ), C(R a )(R b )C(O)N(R a )(R b ), —B(OH) 2 , —OCH 2 O—or 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl; wherein said groups are optionally substituted on either the carbon or the heteroatom with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C 1-6 alkyl, halo, keto, cyano, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, —OR 6 , —OR 7 , —NO 2 , —NH 2 , —NHS(O) 2 R 8 , —R 6 SO 2 R 7 , —SO 2 R 7 , —SO(R 7 ), —SR 7 , —SR 6, —SO m N(R c )(R d ), —SO m N(R 8 )C(O)(R 7 ), C(R 8 )(R 9 )N(R 8 )(R 9 ), —C(R 8 )(R 9 )OH, —COOH, —C(O)(O)(R 7 ), —C(O)(O)C(R 7 ) 3, —C(R a )(R b )C(O)N(R a )(R b ), —C(O)(R a ), —N(R 8 )C(R 8 )(R 9 )(R 6 ), —N(R 8 )CO(R 6 ), —NH(CH 2 ) 2 OH, —NHC(O)OR 8 , —Si(CH 3 ) 3 , heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, (C 1-4 alkyl)heteroaryl and (C 1-4 alkyl)aryl;

R 6 is hydrogen, aryl, aryl(C 1-4 )alkyl, (C 1-4 alkyl)aryl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl(C 1-4 )alkyl, (C 1-4 alkyl)heteroaryl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl(C 1-4 )alkyl, or heterocyclyl(C 1-4 )alkyl wherein said groups can be optionally substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, alkoxy and —SO 2 R 7 ;

R 7 is hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, alkoxy, cyano, —N(R 8 )(R 9 ) and —SR 8 ;

R 8 is hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl

R 9 is hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl;

R 10 is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, cyano, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, SO m heteroaryl, (C═N)O(C 1-6 alkyl) or (C 1-6 alkyl)NH(SO m )heteroaryl;

R a is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, (C 1-6 alkyl)aryl, (C 1-6 alkyl)hydroxyl, —O(C 1-6 alkyl), hydroxyl, halo, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3 -8 cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl, wherein said alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl and heterocycyl can be optionally substituted on either the carbon or the heteroatom with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from C 1-6 alkyl or halo;

R b is hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, (C 1-6 alkyl)aryl, (C 1-6 alkyl)hydroxyl, alkoxyl, hydroxyl, halo, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl or heterocycyl, wherein said alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3-8 cycloalkyl and heterocycyl can be optionally substituted on either the carbon or the heteroatom with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from group consisting of C 1-6 alkyl and halo; or R a and R b can be taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached or are between them to form a C 3-8 cycloalkyl ring or C 3-8 heterocycyl ring wherein said 3-8 membered ring system may be optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from C 1-6 alkyl and halo;

R c is hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo and —OR 6 ;

R d is hydrogen or C 1-6 alkyl which is optionally substituted with one, two, or three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo and —OR 6 ; or

R c and R d can be taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached or are between them to form a C 3-8 heterocycyl ring which is optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C 1-6 alkyl, halo hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy and keto;

n is two;

m is an integer from zero to two;

p is an integer from one to three;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salts or stereoisomers thereof.

2. The compound of claim 1 wherein D is aryl or heteroaryl and E is aryl or heteroaryl.

3. The compound of claim 1 wherein each R 3 is independently selected from hydrogen or halo.

4. The compound of claim 2 wherein R 5 is —SO m R 7 , —SO m R 6 , —R 8 SR 6 , SO m N(R c )(R d ), —SO m CH(R 8 )(R 9 ), —SO m (C 1-6 alkyl)C(O)(C 0-6 alkyl)NR 10 , —SO m (C 1-6 alkyl)N(R 10 ) 2 , —SO m (C 1-6 alkyl)R 10 ; —SO m (C 3-8 cycloalkyl)R 10 ; —SO 2 N(R 8 )C(O)(R 7 ) or ——SO 2 (R 8 )C(O)N(R 7 ) 2 ; wherein said groups are optionally substituted on either the carbon or the heteroatom with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C 1-6 alkyl, halo, keto, cyano, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, —OR 6 , —OR 7 , —NO 2 , —NH 2 , —NHS(O) 2 R 8 , —R 6 SO 2 R 7 , —SO 2 R 7, —SO(R 7 ), —SR 7 , —SR 6, —SO m N(R c )(R d ), —SO m N(R 8 )C(O)(R 7 ), —C(R 8 )(R 9 )N(R 8 )(R 9 ), —C(R 8 )(R 9 )OH, —COOH, —C(O)(O)(R 7 ), —C(O)(O)C(R 7 ) 3 , —C(R a )(R b )C(O)N(R a )(R b ), —C(O)(R a ), —N(R 8 )C(R 8 )(R 9 )(R 6 ), —N(R 8 )CO(R 6 ), —NH(CH 2 ) 2 OH, —NHC(O)OR 8 , —Si(CH 3 ) 3 , heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, (C 1-4 alkyl)heteroaryl and (C 1-4 alkyl)aryl.

5. The compound of claim 4 wherein R 1 is hydrogen, R 2 is hydrogen, or R 1 and R 2 can be taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form a C 3-8 cycloalkyl ring wherein said ring system is optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from C 1-6 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, or halo.

6. The compound of claim 1 selected from:

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-[4′-(methylthio)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-[4′-(methylthio)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-[4′-(benzyloxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]-N-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-hydroxy-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[4′-(methylsulfonyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-(4′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-vinyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-cyclopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-[5-(methylsulfonyl)-4′-(methylthio)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(1-cyanocyclopropyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-[5-(methylsulfonyl)-4′-(methylthio)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-{4′-[(fluoromethyl)thio]-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl}cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(2′-methyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-methyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-ethyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-propyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(3′-isopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-isopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-(4′-tert-butyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-N-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[3′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(3′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(2′-fluoro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-(4′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-N-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-(3′-chloro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-N-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[3′-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

2′-(2-{[(cyanomethyl)amino]carbonyl}cyclohexyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-carboxylic acid;

2′-(2-{[(cyanomethyl)amino]carbonyl}cyclohexyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(3′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(2′-ethoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-ethoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(3′-isopropoxy-1,1-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-isopropoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-phenoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[4′-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[2′-(methylthio)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[3′-(methylthio)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[4′-(ethylthio)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-(3′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-N-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[4′-(dimethylamino)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(3′-nitro-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-[3′-(acetylamino)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]-N-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-isobutyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(2-pyridin-4-ylphenyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(2-quinolin-8-ylphenyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[2-(2-methoxypyrimidin-5-yl)phenyl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(2-pyridin-3-ylphenyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(2-thien-3-ylphenyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-(4′-acetyl-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-N-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(1,1′:2′,1″-terphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-(4′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-N-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-(3′-cyano-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl)-N-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

tert-butyl 4-[3′-(2-{[(cyanomethyl)amino]carbonyl}cyclohexyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-4-yl]piperazine-1-carboxylate;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-piperazin-1-yl-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(4′-methoxy-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[4′-(methylthio)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[4′-(methylsulfonyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(5-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(5-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-(5-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[4′-(methylthio)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-dichloro-2-[4′-(methylthio)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-{1-methyl-3-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-4-yl}cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-6-[4′-(methylthio)-1,1′-biphenyl-2-yl]spiro[2.5]octane-5-carboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-{4′-[(cyanomethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}-5,5-difluorocyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-{4′-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}-N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluorocyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-2-[4′-({2-[(cyanomethyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}thio)biphenyl-2-yl]-5,5-difluorocyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-{4′-[(2-pyridin-2-ylethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-{4′-[(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-{4′-[(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-{4′-[(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}cyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-{4′-[(1H-benzimidazol-2-ylmethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}-N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluorocyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-{4′-[(1H-benzimidazol-6-ylmethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}-N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluorocyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-{4′-[(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-{4′-[(1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-[4′-({[1-(1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]methyl}thio)biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-(4′-{[2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl]thio}biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-(4′-{[2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethyl]thio}biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-(4′-{[(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]thio}biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-(4′-{[2-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)ethyl]thio}biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-[2′-fluoro-4′-(methylthio)biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-(4′-{[(5-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]thio}biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-{4′-[(2-pyridin-4-ylethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-[4′-({2-[(pyridin-2-ylsulfonyl)amino]ethyl}thio)biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-(4′-{[2-((pyridin-2-ylsulfonyl){2-[(pyridin-2-ylsulfonyl)amino]ethyl}amino)ethyl]thio}biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-{4′-[(1H-tetrazol-5-ylmethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}cyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-{4′-[(1-cyanocyclopropyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}-N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluorocyclohexanecarboxamide;

methyl 1-{[2′-(2-{[(cyanomethyl)amino]carbonyl}-4,4-difluorocyclohexyl)biphenyl-4-yl]thio}cyclopropanecarboximidoate;

2-(4′-{[2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl]thio}biphenyl-2-yl)-N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluorocyclohexanecarboxamide;

2-{4′-[(1H-benzimidazol-7-ylmethyl)thio]biphenyl-2-yl}-N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluorocyclohexanecarboxamide;

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-[4′-({2-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]ethyl}thio)biphenyl-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide and

N-(cyanomethyl)-5,5-difluoro-2-(4′-{2-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]ethyl}biphenyl-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxamide;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or stereoisomer thereof.

7. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.