Technetium- and rhenium-bis (heteroaryl) complexes, and methods of use thereof
View Patent ↗One aspect of the invention relates to complexes of a radionuclide with various heteroaryl ligands, e.g., imidazolyl and pyridyl ligands, and their use in radiopharmaceuticals for a variety of clinical diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Another aspect of the invention relates to imidazolyl and pyridyl ligands that form a portion of the aforementioned complexes. Methods for the preparation of the radionuclide complexes are also described. Another aspect of the invention relates to imidazolyl and pyridyl ligands based on derivatized lysine, alanine and bis-amino acids for conjugation to small peptides by solid phase synthetic methods. Additionally, the invention relates to methods for imaging regions of a mammal using the complexes of the invention.
1. A compound of formula F:
wherein, independently for each occurrence,
L is
X is —N(R 2 )—, —O—, or —S—;
R is halogen, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyl, alkoxyl, acyl, acyloxy, acylamino, silyloxy, amino, nitro, sulfhydryl, alkylthio, imino, amido, phosphoryl, phosphonate, phosphine, carbonyl, carboxyl, carboxamide, anhydride, silyl, thioalkyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, selenoalkyl, ketone, aldehyde, ester, heteroalkyl, cyano, guanidine, ami dine, acetal, ketal, amine oxide, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, azido, aziridine, carbamoyl, epoxide, hydroxamic acid, imide, oxime, sulfonamide, thioamide, thiocarbamate, urea, thiourea, or —(CH 2 ) d —R 80 ;
R 80 is carboxaldehyde, carboxylate, carboxamido, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, ammonium, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclyl, polycyclyl, amino acid, peptide, saccharide, ribonucleic acid, or (deoxy)ribonucleic acid;
R 2 is H or a lipophilic group;
d is an integer in the range 0 to 12 inclusive;
m is an integer in the range 0 to 6 inclusive;
n is an integer in the range 0 to 6 inclusive; and
the compound is complexed with a radionuclide.
2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the radionuclide is technetium or rhenium.
3. A compound of formula G:
wherein, independently for each occurrence,
R is absent or present 1 or 2 times;
R is halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyl, alkoxyl, acyl, acyloxy, acylamino, silyloxy, amino, nitro, sulfhydryl, alkylthio, imino, ami do, phosphoryl, phosphonate, phosphine, carbonyl, carboxyl, carboxamide, anhydride, silyl, thioalkyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, selenoalkyl, ketone, aldehyde, ester, heteroalkyl, cyano, guanidine, ami dine, acetal, ketal, amine oxide, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, azido, aziridine, carbamoyl, epoxide, hydroxamic acid, imide, oxime, sulfonamide, thioamide, thiocarbamate, urea, thiourea, or —(CH 2 ) d —R 80 ;
R 80 is carboxaldehyde, carboxylate, carboxamido, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, ammonium, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclyl, polycyclyl, amino acid, peptide, saccharide, ribonucleic acid, or (deoxy)ribonucleic acid;
R 2 is H or a lipophilic group;
d is an integer in the range 0 to 12 inclusive;
m is an integer in the range 0 to 6 inclusive;
n is an integer in the range 0 to 6 inclusive; and
the compound is complexed with a radionuclide.
4. The compound of claim 3 , wherein the radionuclide is technetium or rhenium.
5. The compound of claim 3 , wherein m is 1.
6. The compound of claim 3 , wherein n is 1.
7. The compound of claim 3 , wherein m is 1; and n is 1.
8. The compound of claim 3 , wherein R is absent.
9. The compound of claim 3 , wherein R 2 is a lipophilic group.
10. The compound of claim 3 , wherein R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkyl aryl.
11. The compound of claim 3 , wherein R is absent; and R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkyl aryl.
12. The compound of claim 3 , wherein m is 1; n is 1; R is absent; and R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkyl aryl.
13. The compound of claim 3 , wherein m is 1; n is 1; R is absent; and R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkylaryl.
14. The compound of claim 3 , wherein m is 1; n is 1; R is absent; R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkylaryl; and wherein said radionuclide is technetium or rhenium.
15. A compound of formula H:
wherein:
independently for each occurrence,
L is
X is —N(R 2 )— or —O—;
R is halogen, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyl, alkoxyl, acyl, acyloxy, acylamino, silyloxy, amino, nitro, sulfhydryl, alkylthio, imino, amido, phosphoryl, phosphonate, phosphine, carbonyl, carboxyl, carboxamide, anhydride, silyl, thioalkyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, selenoalkyl, ketone, aldehyde, ester, heteroalkyl, cyano, guanidine, amidine, acetal, ketal, amine oxide, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, azido, aziridine, carbamoyl, epoxide, hydroxamic acid, imide, oxime, sulfonamide, thioamide, thiocarbamate, urea, thiourea, or —(CH 2 ) d —R 80 ;
R 80 is independently for each occurrence carboxaldehyde, carboxylate, carboxamido, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, ammonium, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclyl, polycyclyl, amino acid, peptide, saccharide, ribonucleic acid, or (deoxy)ribonucleic acid;
R 2 is H or a lipophilic group;
R 3 is a moiety selected from the group consisting of a neutral or anionic Lewis base, H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, amino alkyl, thioalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, acyl, aminoacyl, hydroxyacyl, thioacyl, (amino)alkoxycarbonyl, (hydroxy)alkoxycarbonyl, (amino)alkylamino carbonyl, (hydroxy)alkylaminocarbonyl, —CO 2 H, —(CH 2 ) d —R 80 , or an amino acid radical;
d is an integer in the range 0 to 12 inclusive;
m is an integer in the range 0 to 6 inclusive;
n is an integer in the range 0 to 6 inclusive; and
the compound is complexed with a radionuclide.
16. The compound of claim 15 , wherein the radionuclide is technetium or rhenium.
17. A compound of formula I:
wherein, independently for each occurrence,
R is absent or present 1 or 2 times;
R is halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyl, alkoxyl, acyl, acyloxy, acylamino, silyloxy, amino, nitro, sulfhydryl, alkylthio, imino, amido, phosphoryl, phosphonate, phosphine, carbonyl, carboxyl, carboxamide, anhydride, silyl, thioalkyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, selenoalkyl, ketone, aldehyde, ester, heteroalkyl, cyano, guanidine, ami dine, acetal, ketal, amine oxide, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, azido, aziridine, carbamoyl, epoxide, hydroxamic acid, imide, oxime, sulfonamide, thioamide, thiocarbamate, urea, thiourea, or —(CH 2 ) d —R 80 ;
R 80 is carboxaldehyde, carboxylate, carboxamido, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, ammonium, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclyl, polycyclyl, amino acid, peptide, saccharide, ribonucleic acid, or (deoxy)ribonucleic acid;
R 2 is H or a lipophilic group;
R 3 is a moiety selected from the group consisting of a neutral or anionic Lewis base, H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, thioalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, acyl, amino acyl, hydroxyacyl, thioacyl, (amino)alkoxycarbonyl, (hydroxy)alkoxycarbonyl, (amino)alkylaminocarbonyl, (hydroxy)alkylaminocarbonyl, —CO 2 H, —(CH 2 ) d —R 80 , or an amino acid radical;
d is an integer in the range 0 to 12 inclusive;
m is an integer in the range 0 to 6 inclusive;
n is an integer in the range 0 to 6 inclusive; and
the compound is complexed with a radionuclide.
18. The compound of claim 17 , wherein the radionuclide is technetium or rhenium.
19. The compound of claim 17 , wherein m is 1.
20. The compound of claim 17 , wherein n is 1.
21. The compound of claim 17 , wherein m is 1; and n is 1.
22. The compound of claim 17 , wherein R is absent.
23. The compound of claim 17 , wherein R 2 is a lipophilic group.
24. The compound of claim 17 , wherein R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkyl aryl.
25. The compound of claim 17 , wherein R 3 is a moiety comprising an anionic Lewis base.
26. The compound of claim 17 , wherein R 3 is a carboxylate, thiolate, or phenolate.
27. The compound of claim 17 , wherein R is absent; and R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkyl aryl.
28. The compound of claim 17 , wherein R is absent; R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkylaryl; and R 3 is a carboxylate, thiolate, or phenolate.
29. The compound of claim 17 , wherein m is 1; n is 1; R is absent; and R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkyl aryl.
30. The compound of claim 17 , wherein m is 1; n is 1; R is absent; R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkylaryl; and R 3 is a carboxylate, thiolate, or phenolate.
31. The compound of claim 17 , wherein m is 1; n is 1; R is absent; and R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkylaryl.
32. The compound of claim 17 , wherein m is 1; n is 1; R is absent; R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkylaryl; and R 3 is a carboxylate, thiolate, or phenolate.
33. The compound of claim 17 , wherein m is 1; n is 1; R is absent; and R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkylaryl; and wherein the radionuclide is technetium or rhenium.
34. The compound of claim 17 , wherein m is 1; n is 1; R is absent; R 2 is an ether, aralkyl, or alkylaryl; and R 3 is a carboxylate, thiolate, or phenolate; and wherein the radionuclide is technetium or rhenium.
35. A formulation, comprising a compound according to any of claim 1 , 3 , 15 , or 17 ; and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
36. A method of imaging a region in a patient, comprising the steps of: administering to a patient a diagnostically effective amount of a compound of claim 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , or 31 - 34 ; and obtaining an image of said region of said patient.
37. The method of claim 36 , wherein said region of said patient is the head or thorax.
38. A compound represented by the following formula:
39. The compound of claim 38 , wherein the compound is complexed with a radionuclide.
40. The compound of claim 39 , wherein the radionuclide is technetium or rhenium.
41. A formulation, comprising a compound according to claim 38 ; and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
42. A method of imaging a region in a patient, comprising the steps of: administering to a patient a diagnostically effective amount of a compound of claim 39 and obtaining an image of said region of said patient.
43. A method of imaging a region in a patient, comprising the steps of: administering to a patient a diagnostically effective amount of a compound of claim 40 and obtaining an image of said region of said patient.