Aluminum phosphate compounds, compositions, materials and related metal coatings
Aluminophosphate compounds, compositions and/or materials as can be used for substrate coatings.
1. A composite comprising a metallic substrate and a predominantly amorphous and hermetic aluminophosphate film in which the film and the substrate are adhered through a phosphate-bonded metal oxide, an oxide layer linked to phosphate groups, or mixtures thereof.
2. A composite of claim 1 in which the metal substrate contains iron, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, silver, copper, or alloys of steel, titanium, nickel, or copper.
3. A composite of claim 1 in which the metal substrate is a steel alloy.
4. A composite of claim 1 which has been cured at a temperature of at least 300° C.
5. A composite of claim 1 in which the predominantly amorphous aluminophosphate film contains [—PO 4 —AlO 4 —AlO 6 —AlO 4 —PO 4 —] fragments.
6. A composite of claim 1 in which the film contains carbon, metal, or metal compound nanoparticles.
7. A composite of claim 6 in which the nanoparticles have dimensions of about 1 to about 500 nm.
8. A composite of claim 1 in which the substrate is a steel alloy and the metal oxide is an iron oxide or a chromium oxide.
9. A composite of claim 1 wherein the film is about 0.05 micron to about 10 microns thick.
10. A composite of claim 1 wherein said film is about 0.1 micron to about 1.0 micron thick.
11. A composite of claim 1 further including an organic component on said film.
12. A composite of claim 1 wherein said film is opaque to visible light.
13. A composite of claim 1 wherein said film is transparent to visible light.
14. A composite of claim 1 which is non-stick against molten metal.
15. A composite of claim 1 having a surface energy of about 32 mJ/m 2 .
16. A composite comprising a metallic substrate and a predominantly amorphous and hermetic aluminophosphate film containing [—PO 4 —AlO 4 —AlO 6 —AlO 4 —PO 4 —] fragments, wherein the film and the substrate are adhered through a phosphate-bonded metal oxide, an oxide layer linked to phosphate groups, or mixtures thereof.
17. A composite of claim 16 in which the film contains carbon, metal, or metal compound nanoparticles.
18. A composite of claim 16 in which the nanoparticles have dimensions of about 1 to about 500 nm.
19. A composite of claim 16 has been cured at a temperature of at least 300° C.
20. A composite of claim 16 in which the metal substrate is a steel alloy.
21. A composite comprising a metallic substrate and a predominantly amorphous aluminophosphate film in which the film and the substrate are adhered through a phosphate-bonded metal oxide, an oxide layer linked to phosphate groups, or mixtures thereof and in which the aluminophosphate contains Al—O—Al bonds.
22. A composite of claim 21 in which the aluminophosphate film is halide free.