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View Patent ↗A novel encoding system, compositions for use therein and methods for determining the source, location and/or identity of a particular item or component of interest is provided. In particular, the present invention utilizes a collection of one or more sizes of populations of semiconductor nanocrystals having characteristic spectral emissions, to “track” the source or location of an item of interest or to identify a particular item of interest. The semiconductor nanocrystals used in the inventive compositions can be selected to emit a desired wavelength to produce a characteristic spectral emission in narrow spectral widths, and with a symmetric, nearly Gaussian line shape, by changing the composition and size of the semiconductor nanocrystal. Additionally, the intensity of the emission at a particular characteristic wavelength can also be varied, thus enabling the use of binary or higher order encoding schemes.
1. A library of compounds, wherein each compound in the library is bound to an individual support, each support having associated therewith more than one population of semiconductor nanocrystals, each population having a distinct characteristic spectral emission, wherein each compound is attached to the support during a synthesis sequence,
wherein each nanocrystal comprises a Group II-VI semiconductor, a Group III-V semiconductor, or a Group IV semiconductor selected from a group consisting of ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, MgTe, GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InP, InAs, InSb, AlP, AlSb, AlS, Ge, or Si.
2. The library of claim 1 , wherein each nanocrystal member comprises:
a core comprising a first semiconductor material; and
a shell layer overcoating the core, the shell comprising a second semiconductor material having a band gap greater than that of the core,
wherein the first semiconductor material and the second semiconductor material are the same or different.
3. The library of claim 1 , wherein the characteristic spectral emission is a wavelength of emitted light, an intensity of emitted light, or both a wavelength and an intensity of emitted light.
4. The library of claim 1 , wherein each individual support is a bead, a pellet, a disk, a capillary, a hollow fiber, a needle, a solid fiber, a cellulose bead, a pore-glass bead, a silica gel, a polystyrene beads optionally cross-linked with divinylbenzene, a grafted co-poly bead, a poly-acrylamide bead, a latex bead, a dimethylacrylamide bead optionally cross-linked with N,N′-bis-acryloyl ethylene diamine, a glass particle coated with a hydrophobic polymer, or a low molecular weight non-cross-linked polystyrene.
5. The library of claim 1 , wherein at least one compound in the library is a polypeptide, an oligonucleotide, or a sugar moiety.
6. A chemical library comprising a plurality of member chemicals, wherein each member chemical is bound to a support, each support having associated therewith more than one population of semiconductor nanocrystals, each population having a distinct characteristic spectral emission, wherein each compound is attached to the support during a synthesis sequence,
wherein each nanocrystal comprises a Group II-VI semiconductor, a Group III-V semiconductor, or a Group IV semiconductor selected from a group consisting of ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, MgTe, GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InP, InAs, InSb, AlP, AlSb, AlS, Ge, or Si.
7. The library of claim 6 , wherein at least one member of the library is a polypeptide.
8. The library of claim 6 , wherein each nanocrystal comprises:
a core comprising a first semiconductor material; and
a shell layer overcoating the core, the shell comprising a second semiconductor material having a band gap greater than that of the core,
wherein the first semiconductor material and the second semiconductor material are the same or different.
9. The library of claim 6 , wherein the characteristic spectral emission is a wavelength of emitted light, an intensity of emitted light, or both a wavelength and an intensity of emitted light.
10. The library of claim 6 , wherein the each support is a bead, a pellet, a disk, a capillary, a hollow fiber, a needle, a solid fiber, a cellulose bead, a pore-glass bead, a silica gel, a polystyrene beads optionally cross-linked with divinylbenzene, a grafted co-poly bead, a poly-acrylamide bead, a latex bead, a dimethylacrylamide bead optionally cross-linked with N,N′-bis-acryloyl ethylene diamine, a glass particle coated with a hydrophobic polymer, or a low molecular weight non-cross-linked polystyrene.
11. A library of polypeptides comprising a plurality of polypeptides, wherein each polypeptide in the library is bound to an individual support, each support having associated therewith more population of semiconductor nanocrystals, each population having a distinct characteristic spectral emission, wherein each compound is attached to the support during a synthesis sequence,
and wherein each nanocrystal comprises a Group II-VI semiconductor, a Group III-V semiconductor, or a Group IV semiconductor selected from a group consisting of ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, MgTe, GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InP, InAs, InSb, AlP, AlSb, AlS, Ge, or Si.
12. The library of claim 11 , wherein each nanocrystal comprises:
a core comprising a first semiconductor material; and
a shell layer overcoating the core, the shell comprising a second semiconductor material having a band gap greater than that of the core,
wherein the first semiconductor material and the second semiconductor material are the same or different.
13. The library of claim 11 , wherein the characteristic spectral emission is a wavelength of emitted light, an intensity of emitted light, or both a wavelength and an intensity of emitted light.