Dealuminized catalyst carrier, method of production, and method for hydrating C2 or C3 olefins with water
View Patent ↗A catalyst support comprising silicates is described. This catalyst support has a lower aluminum content than naturally occurring sheet silicates and can be used in the hydration of C 2 and C 3 olefins to produce C 2 and C 3 alcohols. A method for the production of the catalyst support and a process for hydrating C 2 and C 3 olefins are also described. One advantage of this catalyst support is the reduction in aluminum leaching that occurs when this catalyst is used in the presence of phosphoric acid.
1. A process for the production of a catalyst support with an aluminum content of less than 0.3 wt. %, the process comprising:
a) impregnating a phyllosilicate of montmorillonite structure with acid;
b) hydrothermally treating the phyllosilicate at a temperature of from 160° C. to 300° C. and water vapor at a partial pressure of from 4 to 80 bar abs ;
c) washing the phyllosilicate with an aqueous solution at a temperature of from 20° C. to 200° C. until the solution obtained after washing is neutral.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution is acidic.
3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the aqueous solution comprises a solution of hydrochloric acid.
4. The process according to claim 3 , wherein the solution of hydrochloric acid contains 1 to 30 parts of hydrochloric acid.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution is basic.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution is neutral.
7. The process according to claim 1 further comprising:
d) cleaning the catalyst by burning off organic carbon compounds at a temperature of from 300° C. to 1000° C.
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the washing is at a temperature of from 70° C. to 90° C.
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the acid is a mineral acid.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the acid is phosphoric acid.
11. The process according to claim 10 , wherein the catalyst is impregnated with 10 wt. % to 90 wt. % of phosphoric acid.
12. The process according to claim 11 , wherein the catalyst is impregnated with 30 wt. % to 40 wt. % of phosphoric acid.
13. The process according to claim 11 , wherein the catalyst is impregnated with 50 wt. % to 60 wt. % of phosphoric acid.
14. A process for the production of a catalyst support with an aluminum content of less than 0.03 wt. %, the process comprising:
a) impregnating a phyllosilicate of montmorillonite structure with acid;
b) hydrothermally treating the phyllosilicate at a temperature of from 160° C. to 300° C. and water vapor at a partial pressure of from 4 to 80 bar abs ;
c) washing the phyllosilicate with an aqueous solution at a temperature of from 20° C. to 200° C. until the solution obtained after washing is neutral.
15. A process for the hydration of C 2 or C 3 olefins comprising reacting the C 2 or C 3 olefin with water in the presence of a catalyst support with an aluminum content of less than 0.3 wt. %, wherein the catalyst is produced by a process comprising:
a) impregnating a phyllosilicate of montmorillonite structure with acid;
b) hydrothermally treating the phyllosilicate at a temperature of from 160° C. to 300° C. and water vapor at a partial pressure of from 4 bar abs to 80 bar abs ; and
c) washing the phyllosilicate with an aqueous solution at a temperature of from 20° C. to 200° C. until the solution obtained after washing is neutral.
16. The process according to claim 15 , wherein the C 2 or C 3 olefins and the water are in a gaseous state.
17. The process according to claim 15 , wherein the C 2 or C 3 olefins and the water are in a molar ratio of from 0.1 to 0.8.
18. The process according to claim 15 , conducted at a temperature of from 170° C. to 300° C.
19. The process according to claim 15 , conducted at a pressure of from 20 bar abs to 200 bar abs .
20. The process according to claim 15 , wherein the acid is phosphoric acid.
21. The process according to claim 15 , wherein the acid is a mineral acid.
22. The process according to claim 15 , wherein the process is conducted in a reactor.
23. The process according to claim 22 , wherein the C 2 or C 3 olefins and the water are introduced into the reactor in a gaseous state.
24. A process for the hydration of C 2 or C 3 olefins comprising reacting gaseous C 2 or C 3 olefin with gaseous water in a reactor in the presence of a catalyst support with an aluminum content of less than 0.3 wt. %, wherein the catalyst is produced by a process comprising:
a) impregnating a phyllosilicate of montmorillonite structure with acid;
b) hydrothermally treating the phyllosilicate at a temperature of from 160° C. to 300° C. and water vapor at a partial pressure of from 4 bar abs to 80 bar abs ; and
c) washing the phyllosilicate with an aqueous solution at a temperature of from 20° C. to 200° C. until the solution obtained after washing is neutral;
wherein:
a) the C 2 or C 3 olefin and the water are in a molar ratio of from 0.1 to 0.8;
b) the catalyst comprises from 5 wt. % to 60 wt. % of the acid; and
c) the hydration is conducted at a temperature of from 170° C. to 300° C. and a pressure of from 20 bar abs to 200 bar abs .
25. The process according to claim 24 , wherein the acid is phosphoric acid.
26. The process according to claim 24 , wherein the C 2 or C 3 olefin is ethane, the hydration temperature is from 220° C. to 260° C., and the pressure is from 60 bar abs to 80 bar abs .
27. The process according to claim 24 , wherein the aluminum content is less than 0.03 wt. %.
28. A catalyst support comprising phyllosilicates of montmorillonite structure having an aluminum content of less than 0.3 wt.%, a total pore volume of from 0.2 mL/g to 0.9 mL/g, and a compressive strength of at least 10 N/mm.
29. The catalyst support according to claim 28 , wherein the total pore volume is from 0.6 mL/g to 0.7 mL/g.
30. The catalyst support according to claim 28 , wherein the compressive strength is at least 20 N/mm.
31. The catalyst support according to claim 28 shaped spherical shape with a diameter of from 1 mm to 10 mm.
32. The catalyst support according to claim 31 , wherein the diameter is from 4 to 6 mm.
33. The catalyst support according to claim 28 , wherein the aluminum content is leass than 0.3 wt.%.