PHA compositions and methods for their use in the production of PHA films
View Patent ↗PHA pellet compositions are provided which are processible into blown and cast free-standing films. The Mw of the PHA in the pellets used to produce the films is at least 470,000, at least 435,000 if PHA thermal stabilizers of the invention are used. In order to achieve a stable, unsupported film having desirable elongational and tensile properties, the Mw of PHA in the film is greater than about 420,000.
1. A blown or cast free-standing film comprising a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), wherein the PHA has a Mw greater than 420,000 and wherein the film is made from a pellet composition comprising the PHA and a thermal stabilizer, wherein the draw ratio of the film is from about 2 to about 7.
2. The film of claim 1 , wherein the film is a blown film.
3. The film of claim 2 , wherein the film has a percent elongation at break greater than 65%.
4. The film of claim 2 , wherein the film has a percent elongation at break greater than 75%.
5. The film of claim 2 , wherein the film has a tensile strength at break greater than 50 Mpa.
6. The film of claim 2 , wherein the tensile strength at break is greater than 75 Mpa.
7. A method of producing a blown or cast free-standing film, comprising, inciting a pellet composition comprising a PHA and a thermal stabilizer, wherein the PHA in the film has a molecular weight greater than 420,000, and wherein the film has a draw ratio of from about 2 to about 7.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the thermal stabilizer is an organophosphorous compound having the structural formula:
where R′ is R or OH, and R is a branched or uubranehed saturated C1–C30 group, a branched or unbranched unsaturated C2–C30 group, C6–C30 aromatic group, or a saturated or unsaturated C6–C30 cycloaliphatic group.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the film is produced by a continuous process.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the melt is formed into a film by film blowing.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the PHA in the pellet has a Mw greater than 470,000, and wherein the PHA in the film has a Mw greater than 420,000 Daltons.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein the organophosphorous compound further contains one or more O, N, or S atoms in the alkyl chains.
13. The method of claim 8 wherein the organophosphorous compound is substituted with one or more hydroxyl, halo, carboxylic acid or ester, cyano, aryl, amino, hydroxylamino, mono-, di-, or trialkyl amino, or phosphonic acid groups.
14. The method of claim 8 , wherein the organophosphorous compound is selected from the roup consisting of cyclohexylphosphonic acid, 1-cyclohexenylphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxycyclohexenylphosphonic acid, 1-hexanephosphonic acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, dicyclohexylphosponic acid, and 2,4,4-(trimethylpentyl)cyclohexylphospbonic acid.
15. The method of claim 7 wherein the pellet composition further comprises an oxide, hydroxide, or carboxylic acid salt of a metal from Groups I to V of the Periodic Table.
16. The method of claim 7 , wherein the pellet composition further comprises calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, or zinc oxide.
17. The method of claim 8 , wherein the organophosphorous compound is a diphosphonic acid.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the diphosphonic acid is hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid.
19. The method or claim 7 wherein the pellet composition further comprises a fatty acid salt of a metal from Groups I to V of the Periodic table.
20. The method of claim 7 wherein the pellet composition further comprises a weak organic base selected from fatty acid amides.
21. The blow or cast free-standing film of claim 1 wherein the pellet composition further comprises a material selected from the group consisting of boron nitride and acetybutylcitrate.
22. The method of claim 8 wherein the pellet composition further comprises a material selected from the group consisting of boron nitride and acetylbutylcitrate.
23. The film of claim 1 , wherein the thermal stabilizer is an organophosphorous compound having the structural formula:
where R′ is R or OH, and R, is a branched or unbranched saturated C1–C30 group, a branched or unbranched unsaturated C2–C30 group, a C6–C30 aromatic group, or a saturated or unsaturated C6–C30 cycloaliphatic group.
24. The film of claim 23 , wherein the organophosphorous compound further contains one or more O, N, or S atoms in the alkyl chains.
25. The film of claim 23 , wherein the organophosphorous compound is substituted with one or more hydroxyl, halo, carboxylic acid or ester, cyano, aryl, amino, hydroxylamino, mono-, di-, or trialkyl amino, or phosphonic acid groups.
26. The film of claim 7 , wherein the organophosphorous compound is selected from the group consisting of cyclohexylphosphonic acid, 1-cyclohexenylphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxycyclohexenylphosphonic acid, 1 hexanephosphonic acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, dicyclohexylphosponic acid, and 2,4,4-(trimethylpentyl)cyclohexylphosphonic acid.
27. The film of claim 1 , wherein the pellet composition further comprises an oxide, hydroxide, or carboxylic acid salt of a metal from Groups I to V of the Periodic Table.
28. The film of claim 1 , wherein the pellet composition further comprises calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, or zinc oxide.
29. The film of claim 1 wheretn the film is oriented uniaxially.
30. The film of claim 1 wherein the film is oriented biaxially.