Cardiac disease treatment and device
A cardiac constraint device comprising a jacket of biological compatible material and an adjustment member. The jacket is adapted to be secured to the heart to snugly conform to an external geometry of the heart and assume a maximum adjusted volume to constrain circumferential expansion of the heart beyond the maximum adjusted volume during diastole and to permit unimpeded contraction of the heart during systole. The adjustment mechanism is configured to alter the internal volume defined by the jacket after the jacket is secured to the heart. The invention also provides a method for treating cardiac disease.
1. An apparatus for placement on a heart of a patient to treat a heart condition characterized at least in part by diastolic expansion of a size of the heart, the jacket comprising:
(a) a flexible and compliant, biocompatible material formed in a jacket having an internal volume and an opening exposing said internal volume;
(i) said jacket sized to be placed over said heart with an apex of said heart passed through said opening and with at least a ventricular portion of said heart received within said volume;
(ii) said jacket further sized to present a resistance to diastolic expansion;
(iii) said material of said jacket including at least a shape-memory material; and
(iv) said material includes a fibrosis inhibiting biomaterial.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:
(a) said shape-memory material is nitinol.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:
(a) said material is elastic.
4. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:
(a) said jacket is sized to constrain diastolic expansion beyond a predetermined limit.
5. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:
(a) said material is formed in an open cell construction with a plurality of open cells defined by interconnected, elongated elements.
6. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:
(a) said jacket is sized to be applied to the epicardium of the heart.
7. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein:
(a) said jacket is sized to be applied to the pericardium of the heart.
8. An apparatus for placement on a heart of a patient to treat a heart condition characterized at least in part by diastolic expansion of a size of the heart, the jacket comprising:
(a) a flexible and compliant, biocompatible material formed in a jacket having an internal volume and an onening exposing said internal volume;
(i) said jacket sized to be placed over said heart with an apex of said heart passed through said opening and with at least a ventricular portion of said heart received within said volume;
(ii) said jacket further sized to present a resistance to diastolic expansion;
(iii) said material of said jacket incluiding at least a shape-memory material; and
(iv) said material is coated with a second material.
9. An apparatus according to claim 8 wherein:
(a) said second material is a fibrosis inhibiting biomaterial.
10. An apparatus according to claim 8 wherein:
(a) said shape-memory material is nitinol.
11. An apparatus according to claim 8 wherein:
(a) said jacket is sized to constrain diastolic expansion beyond a predetermined limit.
12. An apparatus according to claim 8 wherein:
(a) said material of said jacket is formed in an open cell construction with a plurality of open cells defined by interconnected, elongated elements.
13. An apparatus according to claim 8 wherein:
(a) said jacket is sized to be applied to the epicardium of the heart.
14. An apparatus according to claim 8 wherein:
(a) said jacket is sized to be applied to the pericardium of the heart.