Acoustical sound proofing material and methods for manufacturing same
An improved acoustical damping wall (ceiling or floor) or door material comprises a laminar structure having as an integral part thereof one or more layers of viscoelastic material which also functions as a glue and one or more constraining layers, such as metal, cellulose, wood, or petroleum-based products such as plastic, vinyl, plastic or rubber. In one embodiment, standard wallboard, typically gypsum, comprises the external surfaces of the laminar structure; and one or more constraining layers are fabricated between the gypsum exterior. The resulting structure improves the attenuation of sound transmitted through the structure.
1. A laminated structure used for constructing walls, floors, or ceilings or doors comprising:
two external layers of a non-metallic material,
at least one internal non-honeycomb constraining layer, and
two or more internal layers of a viscoelastic glue separated by said at least one internal constraining layer.
2. The laminated structure as in claim 1 , wherein said two external layers comprise each a selected thickness gypsum board layer.
3. The laminated structure as in claim 2 , wherein said glue comprises a viscoelastic material capable of absorbing sound.
4. The laminated structure as in claim 3 , wherein said internal metal layer comprises a sheet metal layer of selected thickness.
5. The laminated structure as in claim 4 , wherein said sheet metal layer of selected thickness comprises galvanized steel.
6. A laminated structure used for constructing walls, floors, or ceilings or doors comprising:
two external layers of a non-metallic material,
at least one internal constraining layer, and
two or more internal layers of a viscoelastic glue separated by said at least one internal constraining layer,
wherein the constraining layer comprises metal.
7. A laminated structure comprising:
at least one internal layer of a selected material;
two internal layers of a viscoelastic glue, one such layer on each side of said internal layer; and
at least one additional layer of a non-metallic material on the other side of each internal layer of viscoelastic glue.
8. The laminated structure as in claim 7 wherein said at least one additional layer comprises an external layer of a first sound absorbing material.
9. The laminated structure as in claim 8 wherein said external layer of a first sound absorbing material comprises gypsum.
10. The laminated structure as in claim 8 wherein said at least one external layer comprises a plurality of selected materials.
11. The laminated structure as in claim 10 wherein said plurality of layers of selected materials comprises:
a first layer of metal;
a second layer of viscoelastic glue; and
a third layer of selected material.
12. The laminated structure as in claim 11 wherein said third layer of selected material comprises gypsum.
13. The laminated structure as in claim 7 wherein said at least one internal layer comprises a metal layer.
14. The laminated structure as in claim 7 wherein said at least one internal layer comprises a cellulose material.
15. The laminated structure as in claim 7 wherein said at least one internal layer comprises a layer of a solid petroleum-based synthetic material selected from the group consisting of a vinyl, plastic composite, or rubber.
16. A laminated structure used for constructing walls, floors, or ceilings or doors comprising:
two external layers of a non-metallic material.
at least one internal constraining layer, and
two or more internal layers of a viscoelastic glue separated by said at least one internal constraining layer;
wherein the at least one internal constraining layer is selected from the group consisting of cellulose, wood, metal, plastic, vinyl, plastic composite and rubber.
17. The laminated structure as in claim 16 wherein said at least one internal constraining layer is wood.
18. The laminated structure as in claim 16 wherein said at least one internal constraining layer is cellulose.