Fuels compositions and methods for using same
View Patent ↗A fuel composition and methods for using it for controlling deposit formation in a spark-ignition internal combustion engine, such as a direct injection engine, comprising a spark-ignition fuel, a detergent, and a deposit inhibitor compound.
1. A method for operating a direct injection gasoline engine on an unleaded fuel composition, the method comprising:
supplying a fuel composition comprising
(a) a spark-ignition fuel
(b) a Mannich base detergent; and
(c) a succinimide compound, wherein the Mannich base detergent and succinimide compound are present in a ratio of detergent to succinimide of from about 16:1 to about 1000:1 by weight; and
introducing into the direct injection gasoline engine, with the combustion intake charge, the fuel composition.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Mannich base detergent comprises the reaction product of an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, an amine, and an aldehyde.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Mannich base detergent comprises the reaction product of alkylated cresol, a primary or secondary alkylamine, and formaldehyde.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the succinimide compound comprises a reaction product obtained by reacting an alkenyl succinic anhydride, acid, acid-ester or lower alkyl ester with an amine containing at least one primary amine group.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the spark-ignition fuel comprises gasoline.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the spark-ignition fuel comprises a blend of hydrocarbons of the gasoline boiling range and a fuel-soluble oxygenated compound.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a carrier fluid selected from the group consisting of a mineral oil or a blend of mineral oils that have a viscosity index of less than about 120; one or more poly-alpha-olefin oligomers; one or more poly(oxyalkylene) compounds having an average molecular weight in the range of about 500 to about 3000; one or more polyalkenes; one or more polyalkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compounds; and mixtures thereof.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the carrier fluid comprises at least one poly (oxyalkylene) compound.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of additional dispersants/detergents, antioxidants, carrier fluids, metal deactivators, dyes, markers, corrosion inhibitors, biocides, antistatic additives, drag reducing agents, demulsifiers, dehazers, anti-icing additives, antiknock additives, anti-valve-seat recession additives, lubricity additives and combustion improvers.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the succinimide compound is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl succinimides, hydrocarbyl succinimide-amides and hydrocarbyl succinimide-esters.
11. A method for operating a direct injection gasoline engine on an unleaded fuel composition, the method comprising:
supplying a fuel composition comprising
(d) a spark-ignition fuel
(e) a cresol Mannich base detergent; and
(f) a succinimide compound, wherein the cresol Mannich base detergent and succinimide compound are present in a ratio of detergent to succinimide of from about 16:1 to about 1000:1 by weight; and
introducing into the direct injection gasoline engine, with the combustion intake charge, the fuel composition.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the Mannich base detergent comprises the reaction product of alkylated cresol, a primary or secondary alkylamine, and formaldehyde.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the succinimide compound comprises a reaction product obtained by reacting an alkenyl succinic anhydride, acid, acid-ester or lower alkyl ester with an amine containing at least one primary amine group.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the spark-ignition fuel comprises gasoline.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the spark-ignition fuel comprises a blend of hydrocarbons of the gasoline boiling range and a fuel-soluble oxygenated compound.
16. The method of claim 11 , further comprising a carrier fluid selected from the group consisting of a mineral oil or a blend of mineral oils that have a viscosity index of less than about 120; one or more poly-alpha-olefin oligomers; one or more poly(oxyalkylene) compounds having an average molecular weight in the range of about 500 to about 3000; one or more polyalkenes; one or more polyalkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compounds; and mixtures thereof.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the carrier fluid comprises at least one poly (oxyalkylene) compound.
18. The method of claim 11 , further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of additional dispersants/detergents, antioxidants, carrier fluids, metal deactivators, dyes, markers, corrosion inhibitors, biocides, antistatic additives, drag reducing agents, demulsifiers, dehazers, anti-icing additives, antiknock additives, anti-valve-seat recession additives, lubricity additives and combustion improvers.
19. The method of claim 11 , wherein the succinimide compound is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl succinimides, hydrocarbyl succinimide-amides and hydrocarbyl succinimide-esters.