Venous valve apparatus and method
Embodiments of the invention provide for a unidirectional flow valve. For example, embodiments of the invention include a method of providing a unidirectional flow valve to a vein that include folding a first portion of a vein over an adjacent second portion of a vein and engaging at least two opposing areas of the second portion of the vein to adjacent areas of the first portion of the vein. The at least two opposing walls of the second portion of the vein define the unidirectional flow valve. At least one support device may be inserted into the folded valve region of the vein to maintain the folded configuration of the valve.
1. A catheter for use in forming a unidirectional valve in a vein, the catheter comprising:
a catheter shaft;
at least two expandable balloons positioned on the catheter shaft;
an expandable support member, the expandable support member being disposed about one of the balloons in a reduced state, the expandable support member being expandable from the reduced state to an expanded state; and
an expandable saddle member, the expandable saddle member including a first biasing region, a second biasing region and at least one end region, the expandable saddle member having a reduced state, a partially expanded state and a fully expanded state, where in the reduced state for the expandable saddle member the first biasing region, the second biasing region and at least one end region are engaged to the catheter shaft, in the partially expanded state the first biasing region and the second biasing region are free to expand radially outward from the catheter shaft but the at least one end region remains engaged to the catheter shaft, and in the fully expanded state the first biasing region, the second biasing region and the at least one end region are all free to expand radially outward from the catheter shaft.
2. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the catheter shaft defines an evacuation port and an evacuation lumen in fluid communication therewith, the evacuation port being positioned between the at least two expandable balloons.
3. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the catheter further includes an injection device extending along the catheter shaft and is constructed and arranged to be advance through a vein wall to deposit injection material about a selected portion of the vein.
4. The catheter of claim 3 , wherein the injection material is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of: saline, contrast medium, anesthetic solution, air, carbon dioxide, and any combination thereof.
5. The catheter of claim 1 , wherein the expanded support member includes a stent.
6. The catheter of claim 1 , further including a helical member disposed within a lumen of the catheter shaft, wherein the helical member deploys from the lumen and limits the expansion of the expandable support member.