Process for the separation of mixtures containing m-and p-dichlorobenzene
A process for the separation of dichlorobenzene mixtures containing m- and p-dichlorobenzene in which: (i) the mixture is as an extracting agent contacted with a phosphoric ester of the general formula (I) as an extracting agent in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are identical or different and represent an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alkyl or alkenyl radical and R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 together contain at least 3C-atom and not more than 12 C-atoms, or a mixture of different phosphoric esters (I) of formula or is contacted with a phosphine oxide of the general formula (II) as an extracting agent in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are identical or different and represent an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alkyl or alkenyl radical or hydrogen, and R 1 , R 2 and R 3 together contain at least 3 C-atoms and not more than 12 C-atoms, or a mixture of different phosphine oxides of formula (II) or a mixture of said phosphoric esters of formula (I) and phosphine oxides of formula (II), and subsequently (ii) the components of the mixture are separated into a m-dichlorobenzene- and a p-dichlorobenzene-containing fraction, and finally (iii) the extracting agent is separated from one of the fractions obtained.
1. A process for the separation of dichlorobenzene mixtures containing m- and p-dichlorobenzene by extractive rectification wherein:
(I) the mixture is contacted either with one phosphoric ester of the general formula (I) as an extracting agent
wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are identical or different and are selected from the group consisting of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alkyl or alkenyl radical wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 together contain at least 3C-atoms and not more than 12 C-atoms, or a mixture of phosphoric esters of formula (I) or is contacted with one phosphine oxide of the general formula (II) as an extracting agent
in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are identical or different and are selected from the group consisting of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alkyl or alkenyl radical or hydrogen, wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 together contain at least 3 C-atoms and not more than 12 C-atoms, or a mixture of phosphine oxides of formula (II) or a mixture of phosphoric esters of formula (I) and phosphine oxides of formula (II), and subsequently
(ii) the components of the mixture are separated into a m-dichlorobenzene- and a p-dichlorobenzene-containing fraction, and finally
(iii) the extracting agent is separated from one of the fractions obtained.
2. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the formula (I) or (II) for the extracting agent, R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are identical or different and represent a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, and sec-butyl.
3. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the extracting agent is triethyl phosphate, tripropylphosphine oxide, tributylphosphine oxide alone or as a mixture.
4. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the separation is carried out in a rectification column, wherein pressure at the top of the column is in the range of 5 to 100 hPa and pressure difference between the bottom of the column and the top of the column being 0 to 100 hPa and optionally the number of theoretical plates being 20 to 200.
5. Process according to claim 4 , wherein the pressure at the top of the column is 5 to 30 hPa and the pressure difference between the bottom of the column and the top of the column is 0 to 20 hPa and optionally the number of theoretical plates is 60 to 120.
6. Process according to claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of mass flow of reflux to distillate is 1:1 to 20:1.
7. Process according to claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio mass flow of feed of the extracting agent to feed of the m-dichlorobenzene and p-dichlorobenzene mixture is 2:1 to 40:1.
8. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the separation of m- and p-dichlorobenzene and the separation of the extracting agent is carried out in a rectification column, with a side-stream column being connected to the rectification column via a vapor side-stream take-off for recovery of the extracting agent.
9. Process according to claim 1 , wherein a melt crystallization of the m-dichlorobenzene or p-dichlorobenzene, is provided downstream of the extractive rectification.