Battery including aluminum components
View Patent ↗A primary lithium battery can include a current collector that includes aluminum, a cap that includes aluminum, or both. The aluminum battery components can have high mechanical strength and low electrical resistance.
1. A primary lithium battery comprising:
an anode including a lithium-containing anode active material;
a solid cathode including a current collector including an aluminum alloy and a cathode active material including a manganese dioxide, a CF x iron disulfide, or a vanadate in contact with the current collector; and
a separator between the anode and the cathode,
wherein the aluminum alloy is a 6000 series aluminum alloy and includes 0.04-0.4% by weight of chromium, 0.01-6.8% by weight of copper, 0.1-7% by weight of magnesium, 0.15% or less by weight of manganese, and 0.4-0.8% by weight of silicon.
2. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the lithium-containing anode active material is lithium or a lithium alloy.
3. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the-aluminum alloy includes 0.15-0.4% by weight of copper, 0.7% or less by weight of iron, “0.8-1.2% by weight of magnesium”; 0.1% or less by weight of titanium, and 0.25% or less by weight of zinc.
4. The battery of claim 1 , further comprising a nonaqueous electrolyte in contact with the anode, the cathode, and the separator.
5. The battery of claim 4 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte includes an organic solvent.
6. The battery of claim 4 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte includes a perchlorate salt.
7. The battery of claim 1 , wherein the current collector is an expanded metal grid.
8. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the current collector has a yield strength of at least 2.0 lb/in.
9. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the current collector has a yield strength of at least 5 lb/in.
10. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the current collector has a tensile strength of at least 5 lb/in.
11. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the current collector has a tensile strength of at least 7 lb/in.
12. The battery of claim 7 , wherein the current collector has a yield strength of at least 2.0 lb/in and a tensile strength of at least 5 lb/in.
13. A primary lithium battery comprising:
an anode including a lithium-containing anode active material;
a solid cathode including a current collector including an aluminum alloy and a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of metal oxides and metal halides in contact with the current collector, wherein the current collector has a resistivity of less than 100 mΩ/cm; and
a separator between the anode and the cathode,
wherein the aluminum alloy is a 6000 series aluminum alloy and includes 0.04-0.4% by weight of chromium, 0.01-6.8% by weight of copper, 0.1-7% by weight of magnesium, 0.15% or less by weight of manganese, and 0.4-0.8% by weight of silicon.
14. A primary lithium battery comprising:
an anode including a lithium-containing anode active material;
a solid cathode including a current collector including an aluminum alloy and a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of metal oxides and metal halides in contact with the current collector, wherein the current collector has a resistivity of less than 10 Ω/cm; and
a separator between the anode and the cathode,
wherein the aluminum alloy is a 6000 series aluminum alloy and includes 0.04-0.4% by weight of chromium, 0.0 1-6.8% by weight of copper, 0.1-7% by weight of magnesium, 0.15% or less by weight of manganese, and 0.4-0.8% by weight of silicon.
15. A primary lithium battery comprising:
an anode including a lithium-containing anode active material;
a solid cathode including a current collector including an aluminum alloy and a cathode active material including a manganese dioxide in contact with the current collector;
a separator between the anode and the cathode; and
a non-aqueous electrolyte including an organic solvent and a perchlorate salt in contact with the anode, the cathode and the separator,
wherein the aluminum alloy is a 6000 series aluminum alloy and includes 0.04-0.4% by weight of chromium, 0.01-6.8% by weight of copper, 0.1-7% by weight of magnesium, 0.15% or less by weight of manganese, and 0.4-0.8% by weight of silicon.
16. The battery of claim 15 , wherein the current collector is an expanded metal grid.
17. The battery of claim 16 , wherein the current collector has a yield strength of at least 2.0 lb/in.
18. The battery of claim 16 , wherein the current collector has a yield strength of at least 5 lb/in.
19. The battery of claim 16 , wherein the current collector has a tensile strength of at least 5 lb/in.
20. The battery of claim 16 , wherein the current collector has a tensile strength of at least 7 lb/in.
21. A primary lithium battery comprising:
an anode including a lithium-containing anode active material; and
a cathode including a current collector including a 6061 aluminum alloy and a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of metal oxides and metal halides in contact with the current collector.
22. The battery of claim 21 , wherein the cathode active material is a solid.
23. The battery of claim 21 , wherein the cathode active material is a liquid.
24. The battery of claim 21 , wherein the cathode active material includes SO 2 or SOCl 2 .
25. The battery of claim 21 , wherein the current collector includes a pulled grid.
26. The battery of claim 21 , wherein the current collector includes a leveled grid.
27. A method of making a primary lithium battery comprising assembling a solid cathode including a manganese dioxide, a CF x , iron disulfide, or a vanadate and a current collector including an aluminum alloy, an anode including lithium, and a separator in a housing,
wherein the aluminum alloy is a 6000 series aluminum alloy and includes 0.04-0.4% by weight of chromium, 0.01-6.8% by weight of copper, 0.1-7% by weight of magnesium, 0.15% or less by weight of manganese, and 0.4-0.8% by weight of silicon.
28. The method of claim 27 , wherein the aluminum alloy includes 0.15-0.4% by weight of copper, 0.7% or less by weight of iron, 0.8-1.2% by weight of magnesium, 0.15% or less by weight of titanium, and 0.25% or less by weight of zinc.
29. The method of claim 27 , wherein the current collector is an expanded metal grid.
30. The method of claim 27 , further comprising placing a nonaqueous electrolyte in the housing.
31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte includes an organic solvent.
32. The method of claim 30 , wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte includes a perchlorate salt.
33. The method of claim 13 , wherein the current collector is a metal grid and a portion of the metal grid consists of the aluminum alloy.
34. The method of claim 14 , wherein the current collector is a metal grid and a portion of the metal grid consists of the aluminum alloy.
35. A primary lithium battery comprising:
an anode including a lithium-containing anode active material;
a solid cathode including a current collector including an aluminum alloy and a cathode active material selected from the group consisting of metal oxides and metal halides in contact with the current collector; and
a separator between the anode and the cathode,
wherein the aluminum alloy is a 6000 series aluminum alloy and includes 0.04-0.4% by weight of chromium, 0.01-6.8% by weight of copper, 0.1-7% by weight of magnesium, 0.15% or less by weight of manganese, and 0.4-0.8% by weight of silicon.
36. A method of making a primary lithium battery comprising assembling a solid cathode including a cathode active material including a manganese dioxide, a CF x , iron disulfide, or a vanadate and a current collector including an aluminum alloy, an anode including lithium, and a separator in a housing,
wherein the aluminum alloy is a 6000 series aluminum alloy and includes 0.04-0.4% by weight of chromium, 0.01-6.8% by weight of copper, 0.1-7% by weight of magnesium, 0.15% or less by weight of manganese, and 0.4-0.8% by weight of silicon.