High performance silicon condenser microphone with perforated single crystal silicon backplate

1. A silicon condenser microphone comprising:

a perforated backplate comprising a portion of a single crystal silicon substrate;

a support structure formed on said single crystal silicon substrate surrounding said backplate comprising:

polysilicon filled trenches through an oxide layer surrounding said single crystal silicon perforated backplate;

nitride supporting struts surrounding said perforated backplate and lying in between said polysilicon filled trenches and said air gap and overlapping an edge of said floating diaphragm; and

polysilicon endplates coupled to the nitride supporting struts and lying in between said polysilicon filled trenches and underlying and overlapping an edge of said diaphragm; and

a floating silicon diaphragm supported on its edge by said support structure lying parallel to said perforated backplate and separated from said perforated backplate by an air gap.

2. The silicon condenser microphone of claim 1 further comprising a nitride layer overlying and overlapping the diaphragm.

3. The silicon condenser microphone of claim 1 wherein said polysilicon filled trench electrically couples a metallic bonding area to an N++ doped region below an oxide layer.

4. The silicon condenser microphone of claim 1 wherein an oxide layer substantially defines the thickness of the air gap.

5. The silicon condenser microphone of claim 4 wherein a layer comprising thermal oxide, nitride and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) underlies the oxide layer.

6. The silicon condenser microphone of claim 1 wherein the perforated backplate thickness is approximately 10 micrometers.

7. The silicon condenser microphone of claim 1 wherein a thickness of the floating silicon diaphragm is about 2 micrometers to about 3 micrometers.

8. The silicon condenser microphone of claim 1 wherein the air gap is about 8 micrometers.

9. The silicon condenser microphone of claim 1 wherein a hole in the perforated backplate is about 20 micrometers to about 40 micrometers.

10. The silicon condenser microphone of claim 1 wherein the floating silicon diaphragm diameter is between 1000 micrometers and 2000 micrometers.

11. A silicon condenser microphone comprising:

a perforated backplate comprising a portion of a single crystal silicon substrate;

a support structure formed on said single crystal silicon substrate surrounding said backplate;

a floating silicon diaphragm supported on its edge by said support structure lying parallel to said perforated backplate and separated from said perforated backplate by an air gap, a thickness of the air gap substantially defined by an oxide layer; and

a layer comprising thermal oxide, nitride and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) underlies the oxide layer.