Conjugated diene polymers and copolymer blocks and process for preparing same
View Patent ↗Disclosed is a process for preparing polymers and copolymer blocks of conjugated dienes with varying amounts of branching comprising the use of a microstructure control agent and a microstructure control agent deactivant. The polymerization can be started with or without a microstructure control agent. At some point in the polymerization prior to the completion of the addition of the conjugated diene to the polymer, the microstructure control agent can be deactivated, either partially or completely, resulting in a polymer or copolymer block having a region of less branching adjacent to a region of more branching. Preferred microstructure control agent deactivants are metal alkyls such as triethyl aluminum.
1. A process for preparing a conjugated diene polymer or copolymer block having a varying amount of branching comprising combining:
(a) an anionic polymerization site;
(b) a conjugated diene monomer; and
(c) a microstructure control agent;
under reaction conditions sufficient to form a living polymer admixture and, at a point in the process prior to the completion of the polymerization of the conjugated diene monomer, combining the living polymer admixture with a microstructure control agent deactivant to mitigate or eliminate the effect of the microstructure control agent, wherein the microstructure control agent deactivant is an aluminum alkyl compound having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms per alkyl substituent and mixtures thereof.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the conjugated diene monomer is selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, piperylene, methylpentadiene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1,3-cylcohepatdiene, 1,3-cyclooctadiene phenylbutadiene, 3,4-dimethyl-1,3-hexadiene, 4,5-diethyl-1,3-octadiene, and mixtures thereof.
3. The process of claim 2 wherein the conjugated diene monomer is 1,3-butadiene.
4. The process of claim 1 wherein the process is a process for preparing a conjugated diene copolymer block and the anionic polymerization site is a living polymer.
5. The process of claim 4 additionally comprising a step of preparing the anionic polymerization site by admixing a monomer different from the conjugated diene monomer with an initiator.
6. The process of claim 5 wherein the monomer different from the conjugated diene monomer is styrene.
7. The process of claim 1 wherein the microstructure control agent is a Lewis Base.
8. The process of claim 7 wherein the Lewis Base is selected from the group consisting of:
diethyl ether;
1,2-diethoxy-ethane;
1,2-diethoxy-propane;
o-dimethoxy-benzene;
1-t-butoxy-2-n-butoxy-ethane;
n-C 4 H 9 OCH 2 CH 2 O-n-C 4 H 9 ;
n-C 4 H 9 OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 OCH 3 ;
n-C4H 9 OCH 2 CH 2 OCHCH 3 OCH 2 CH 3 ;
n-C 4 H 9 OCH 2 CH 2 O-t-C 4 H 9 ;
n-C 4 H 9 OCH 2 CH 2 OCHCH 3 —O-i-C 4 H 9 ; and
mixtures thereof.
9. The process of claim 1 wherein the aluminum, alkyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms per alkyl substituent is selected from the group consisting of:
triethylaluminum,
trimethylaluminum,
tri-n-propylaluminum,
tri-n-butylaluminum,
triisobutylaluminum,
tri-n-hexylaluminum,
trioctylaluminum, and
mixtures thereof.
10. The process of claim 9 wherein the microstructure control agent deactivant is triethylaluminum.
11. The process of claim 1 wherein the microstructure control agent deactivant is added to the living polymer at a ratio of microstructure control agent deactivant to microstructure control agent of from about 0.1:1 to about 2:1.
12. The process of claim 11 wherein the microstructure control agent deactivant is added to the living polymer at a ratio of microstructure control agent deactivant to microstructure control agent of from about 0.5:1 to about 1.1:1.
13. The process of claim 12 wherein the microstructure control agent deactivant is added to the living polymer at a ratio of microstructure control agent deactivant to microstructure control agent of about 1:1.
14. The process of claim 1 wherein the microstructure control agent deactivant is added at a point in the process where from about 25 percent to about 75 percent of the conjugated diene monomer has been polymerized and incorporated into the living polymer.
15. The process of claim 14 wherein the microstructure control agent deactivant is added at a point in the process where about 50 percent of the conjugated diene monomer has been added and incorporated into the living polymer.
16. The process of claim 6 further comprising using a coupling agent to form a coupled block copolymer.