Method and system for producing a dehydrated whole food product
View Patent ↗A method for producing a reconstitutable dehydrated food product, an apparatus for producing such a product, and a product produced thereby are described. The method calls for using a stationary vessel to separately hydrate at least two batches of raw beans with circulating water, as well as a second stationary vessel to separately pressure cook the hydrated beans using direct steam injection with minimal agitation. A first batch is then chopped and sized, and then formed into a generally flat, preferably ribbed sheet of texturized composition. The latter is then dried and broken into chunks. The second batch of beans is kept whole and, once cooked, is dried utilizing a combination convection/microwave heating chamber in such a way as to preserve the integrity of the beans. The dried whole beans are then added to the first batch of beans, and preferably, to the chunks produced therefrom.
1. A method for producing a reconstitutable dehydrated chunky bean product so as to substantially eliminate hard beans from the bean product, the method comprising:
a. separately hydrating first and second portions of raw beans by maintaining the entirety of said first and second portions submerged in a wetting liquid for respective first and second hydration periods so as to obtain respective first and second portions of unchopped hydrated beans;
b. separately cooking each of said first and second portions of hydrated beans to obtain respective first and second portions of unchopped cooked beans;
c. chopping said first portion of the cooked beans to form a composition of a desired texture;
d. forming the texturized composition into a generally flat sheet;
e. drying the flat sheet of texturized composition;
f. forming the sheet into chunks;
g. drying the second portion of unchopped cooked beans using microwave energy; and
h. adding the dried second portion of unchopped cooked beans to said chunks.
2. The method of claim 1 , further including adding to at least one of said first and second portions of hydrated beans at least one member selected from the group consisting of flavor ingredients, oil, and colorant.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein, step (a) takes place in a hydration vessel and, at least one member selected from the group consisting of flavor ingredients, oil, colorant, and a concentrated or reconstituted broth removed from the hydration vessel is added to said first portion of beans.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in step (g), the second portion of unchopped cooked beans is dried using convective heating in addition to said microwave energy.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first and second portions of hydrated beans are cooked in a stationary cooking vessel.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the generally flat sheet of texturized composition has a top surface and a bottom surface and at least one of said top and bottom surfaces is ribbed.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in steps (a) and (b), said first portion of raw beans is hydrated and cooked under a first set of processing conditions and said second portion of raw beans is hydrated and cooked under a second, different set of processing conditions.
8. A method for producing a reconstitutable dehydrated chunky bean product so as to substantially eliminate hard beans from the bean product, the method comprising:
a. separately hydrating first and second portions of raw beans by maintaining the entirety of said first and second portions submerged in a wetting liquid for respective first and second hydration periods so as to obtain respective first and second portions of unchopped hydrated beans;
b. separately cooking each of said first and second portions of hydrated beans to obtain respective first and second portions of unchopped cooked beans;
c. chopping said first portion of the cooked beans to form a composition of a desired texture;
d. forming the texturized composition into a generally flat sheet;
e. drying the flat sheet of texturized composition;
f. forming the sheet into chunks;
g. arranging the second portion of unchopped cooked beans into a stack of multiple bean layers;
h. drying said layers of unchopped cooked beans using microwave energy; and
i. adding the dried second portion of unchopped cooked beans to said chunks.
9. The method of claim 8 , further including adding to at least one of said first and second portions of hydrated beans at least one additive selected from the group consisting of flavor ingredients, oil and colorant.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein, step (a) takes place in a hydration vessel and, at least one member selected from the group consisting of flavor ingredients, oil, colorant, and a concentrated or reconstituted broth removed from the hydration vessel is added to said first portion of beans.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein, in step (e), the sheet of texturized composition is dried by exposure to both microwave energy and convective heating.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein the generally flat sheet of texturized composition has a top surface and a bottom surface and at least one of said top and bottom surfaces is ribbed.
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein, in steps (a) and (b), said first portion of raw beans is hydrated and cooked under a first set of processing conditions and said second portion of raw beans is hydrated and cooked under a second, different set of processing conditions.
14. The method of claim 8 , wherein, in step (h), the layers of unchopped cooked beans are dried using convective heating in addition to said microwave energy.
15. The method of claim 8 , wherein said first and second portions of hydrated beans are cooked in a stationary cooking vessel.
16. The method of claim 8 , wherein, in step (g), said stack has at least four layers.
17. The method of claim 8 , wherein the hydrating step is preceded by washing and cleaning the raw beans, said hydrating step being carried out by a process comprising, for each of said first and second portions of raw beans:
placing the raw beans into a stationary hydration vessel;
introducing a defined quantity of wetting liquid into the hydration vessel to establish a liquid level such that all of the beans are immersed in the liquid;
capturing, at a location below said liquid level, harder beans that buoy up towards an upper portion of the hydration vessel;
circulating said wetting liquid through the beans within the hydration vessel for said respective hydration period;
after said hydration period, removing a broth from the hydration vessel, wherein the broth is comprised of an unabsorbed portion of the wetting liquid and a proportion of bean solids; and
recovering said bean solids from said broth.
18. The method of claim 17 , further including:
after said hydration period, removing softer beans that have sunk towards a lower end of the hydration vessel; and
removing said harder beans from a point below said capturing location.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein, after the bean solids are recovered, the unabsorbed portion of the liquid is re-introduced into the hydration vessel to be used in hydrating a subsequent batch of beans.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein, after removal, the captured, harder beans are returned to the hydration vessel to be further hydrated with a subsequent batch of beans.
21. The method of claim 17 , wherein said recovery of bean solids from the broth is accomplished by one or more means selected from the group consisting of spray drying, evaporation, and filtration.
22. The method of claim 17 , further including recovering one or more flavors from the broth.
23. The method of claim 17 , wherein said hydration is carried out at a temperature between about 180 and about 210° F. and said respective hydration period lasts between 40 and 150 minutes.
24. The method of claim 17 , wherein said harder beans are captured with a mesh screen and removed through a release valve.
25. The method of claim 17 , wherein the bean solids separated from the broth are added to a respective portion of the beans after the hydration step.
26. A method of hydrating a batch of raw beans having a variety of initial moisture contents, comprising:
a. placing the raw beans into a hydration vessel;
b. introducing a defined quantity of wetting liquid into the hydration vessel to establish a liquid level such that all of the beans are immersed in the liquid;
c. capturing, at a location below said liquid level, beans that buoy up towards an upper portion of the hydration vessel;
d. circulating said wetting liquid through the beans within the hydration vessel for a predetermined hydration period;
e. after said hydration period, removing a broth formed from said liquid and beans from the hydration vessel; and
f. removing the now hydrated beans from the hydration vessel.
27. The method of claim 26 , wherein the broth is comprised of an unabsorbed portion of the wetting liquid and a proportion of bean solids, the method further including recovering said bean solids from the broth.
28. The method of claim 27 , wherein said recovery of bean solids is accomplished by one or more means selected from the group consisting of spray drying, evaporation, and filtration.
29. The method of claim 27 , wherein, after the bean solids are recovered, the unabsorbed portion of the liquid is re-introduced into the hydration vessel to be used in hydrating a subsequent batch of beans.
30. The method of claim 26 , wherein during step (c) harder beans are captured and returned to the hydration vessel to be further hydrated with a subsequent batch of beans.
31. The method of claim 30 , wherein said harder beans are captured with a mesh screen and removed through a release valve.
32. The method of claim 26 , further including recovering one or more flavors from the broth.
33. The method of claim 26 , wherein said hydration vessel is stationary and generally vertically elongated.
34. A method for producing a reconstitutable dehydrated bean product, comprising:
a. hydrating a first portion of raw beans by maintaining said portion submerged in a wetting liquid for a desired hydration period so as to obtain a first portion of hydrated beans;
b. cooking said first portion of hydrated beans to obtain a first portion of cooked beans;
c. chopping said first portion of cooked beans to form a composition of a desired texture;
d. forming the texturized composition into a generally flat sheet;
e. drying the flat sheet of texturized composition; and
f. forming said sheet into chunks.
35. A method for producing a reconstitutable dehydrated bean product, comprising:
a. hydrating a first portion of raw beans by maintaining said portion submerged in a wetting liquid for a desired hydration period so as to obtain a first portion of hydrated beans wherein the wetting liquid is selected from the group consisting of water and a broth of water and bean solids;
b. cooking said first portion of hydrated beans to obtain a first portion of cooked beans; and
c. drying the cooked beans using microwave energy such that the beans substantially maintain their shape.
36. The method of claim 34 , further including adding to said first portion of hydrated beans at least one member selected from the group consisting of flavor ingredients, oil and colorant.
37. The method of claim 34 , wherein, step (a) takes place in a hydration vessel and, at least one member selected from the group consisting of flavor ingredients, oil, colorant, and a concentrated or reconstituted broth removed from the hydration vessel is added to said beans.
38. The method of claim 35 , wherein, in step (c), the cooked beans are dried using convective heating in addition to said microwave energy.
39. The method of claim 34 , wherein said hydrated beans are cooked in a stationary cooking vessel.
40. The method of claim 35 , wherein said hydrated beans are cooked in a stationary vessel.
41. The method of claim 34 , wherein the generally flat sheet of texturized composition has a top surface and a bottom surface and at least one of said top and bottom surfaces is ribbed.
42. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (g) comprises drying the second portion of unchopped cooked beans using microwave energy such that the beans substantially maintain their shape.
43. The method of claim 8 , wherein step (h) comprises drying the layers of unchopped cooked beans using microwave energy such that the beans substantially maintain their shape.