Combined pre-treatment process for enabling feed material to be charged in direct reduction processes
An improved method and apparatus for pretreatment of solid lump feed material for gas and pellet/lump-based direct reduction processes, by initially storing the lump feed in stockpiles for stress release, followed by pre-drying the feed material prior to charging into the reduction furnace and finally increasing the average temperature of the reduction furnace, in order to reduce the amount of reduction at low temperatures, thereby minimizing the formation of fines within the furnace.
1. A process to produce a direct reduced iron product from lump feed material, comprising:
providing lump feed material derived from naturally humid sedimentary iron ore having a microstructure consisting essentially of micropores;
drying said lump feed material to a temperature of 150° C. to less than 200° C. and to a water content of less than 0.5% by weight; and
charging said dried lump feed material to a gas-based direct reduction process, thereby increasing the temperature of the dried lump feed material to more than 750° C. within 30 minutes of said charging to said gas-based direct reduction process.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said dried lump feed material is charged to the direct reduction process at a temperature of about 150° C.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein said step of drying said lump feed material includes placing it into a feed storage bin and oxidizing waste off-gases to heat said feed storage bin to effect said drying of said lump feed material.
4. The process of claim 1 , further comprising charging said dried lump feed material from said feed storage bin to said direct reduction process via a thermally insulated charging system.
5. The process of claim 3 , wherein said waste off-gases are supplied from a reformer associated with the direct reduction process.
6. The process of claim 3 , wherein said waste off-gases are supplied to said storage bin at a temperature in excess of 300° C.
7. The process of claim 3 , wherein said step of providing includes storing said lump feed material for a predetermined time of at least one month in an open atmosphere in a stockpile associated with said feed storage bin and thereafter drying said lump feed material.
8. A process to produce a direct reduced iron product from lump feed material, comprising:
providing lump feed material derived from naturally humid sedimentary iron ore having a microstructure consisting essentially of micropores;
storing said lump feed material for a predetermined time of at least one month in an open atmosphere in a stockpile associated with a feed storage bin;
drying said lump feed material to a temperature of 150° C. to less than 200° C. and to a water content of less than 0.5% by weight; and
charging said dried lump feed material through a thermally insulated charging system to an upper part of a gas-based direct reduction furnace and thereby increasing the temperature of said dried lump feed material to more than 750° C. within 30 minutes of said charging.
9. A process for producing direct reduced iron from lump feed material, comprising:
providing said lump feed material derived from naturally humid sedimentary iron ore having a microstructure consisting mainly of micropores;
storing said lump feed material for a predetermined time of at least one month in an open atmosphere in a stockpile associated with a feed storage bin and thereafter reclaiming said lump feed material;
drying said lump feed material to a temperature of 150° C. to a6effi less than 200° C. and to a water content of less than 0.5% by weight;
charging said lump feed material to a thermally insulated charging system to an upper part of a gas-based direct reduction furnace;
heating the direct reduction furnace to create an enhanced, narrow temperature profile inside the furnace thereby raising the average temperature inside the furnace; and
increasing the temperature of said charged lump feed material to more than 750° C. within 30 minutes of said charging.
10. The process of claim 9 , wherein said dried lump feed material is charged to said direct reduction process at a temperature of about 150° C.
11. A process for producing direct reduced iron from lump feed material, comprising:
providing said lump feed material derived from naturally humid sedimentary iron ore having a microstructure consisting mainly of micropores;
storing said lump feed material for a predetermined time of at least one month in an open atmosphere;
reclaiming said lump feed material to a feed storage bin, supplying waste off-gases to said feed storage bin to effect said drying of said lump feed material;
drying said lump feed material to a temperature of 150° C. to less than 200° C. and to a water content of less than 0.5% by weight;
charging said lump feed material to a thermally insulated charging system to an upper part of a gas-based direct reduction furnace; and
increasing the temperature of said charged lump feed material to more than 750° C. within 30 minutes of said charging.
12. The process of claim 11 , further comprising charging said dried lump feed material from said feed storage bin to said direct reduction process via a thermally insulated charging system.
13. The process of claim 11 , wherein said waste off-gases are supplied from a reformer associated with said direct reduction furnace.
14. The process of claim 11 , wherein said waste off-gases are supplied at a temperature in excess of 300° C.