Cardiac support with controlled ventricular pressure
A jacket of biological compatible material has an internal volume dimensioned for an apex of the heart to be inserted into the volume and for the jacket to be slipped over the heart. The jacket has a longitudinal dimension between upper and lower ends sufficient for the jacket to surround a lower portion of the heart with the jacket surrounding a valvular annulus of the heart and further surrounding the lower portion to cover at least the ventricular lower extremities of the heart. The jacket is adapted to be secured to the heart with the jacket surrounding at least the valvular annulus and the ventricular lower extremities. The jacket is adjustable on the heart to snugly conform to an external geometry of the heart and assume a maximum adjusted volume for the jacket to constrain circumferential expansion of the heart beyond the maximum adjusted volume during diastole and to permit unimpeded contraction of the heart during systole.
1. A method for treating cardiac disease of a patient's heart, the method comprising:
a) surgically accessing the patient's heart;
b) placing a jacket around the heart, the jacket comprising a biomedical material;
c) monitoring the pressure in the left ventricle; and
d) adjusting the jacket to provide a snug fit but avoid a significant increase in the pressure in the left ventricle.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said step of monitoring is accomplished via monitoring the pulmonary wedge pressure.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein monitoring the pulmonary wedge pressure comprises placing a catheter in a pulmonary artery of the patient's heart.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the increase in pressure in the left ventricle is less than about 3 mm Hg.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the increase in pressure in the left ventricle is not more than 3 mm Hg.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the jacket has an upper end and a lower end.
7. The method according to claim 6 further comprising securing the lower end of the jacket to a diaphragm using sutures.
8. The method according to claim 1 wherein said step of adjusting the jacket on the heart comprises gathering and suturing excess material of the jacket.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pressure in the left ventricle is measured before and after the jacket is snugly fit onto the heart.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said pressure is measured during diastole.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein said jacket is formed of an open cell material.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein said material is a polyester knit.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein said material is metal.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein jacket is adjusted on said heart to constrain said heart from expanding beyond a pre-determined maximum volume.