Methods of production and use of anti-integrin antibodies for the control of tissue granulation
The present invention provides methods that enable the user to identify inhibitors of tissue granulation in and around a wound site, thereby limiting excessive scar formation as the wounded tissue heals. The some granulation inhibitors identified using the methods of the invention inhibit granulation in and around a wound site up to five fold, with a corresponding decrease in the formation of scar tissue when tested on retinal injuries. Granulation inhibitors that can be identified using the methods of the present invention include antibodies, peptides, nucleic acids (aptamers), and non-peptide small molecules.
1 . A method of controlling macrophage behavior comprising contacting a wound site in an affected eye with an α5β1 integrin binding agent, whereby RPE cells in the affected eye are inhibited from displaying macrophage behavior.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the binding agent is an anti-α5β1 integrin antibody.
3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the antibody comprises a variable heavy chain region having an amino acid sequence homologous to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS.: 1-6, and a variable light chain region having an amino acid sequence homologous to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS.:7-12.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein macrophage behavior comprises phagocytic activity.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein macrophage behavior comprises secreting cytokines, chemokines or mediators of inflammatory responses.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the wound site is not created by an infection.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting step comprises a technique selected from the group consisting of direct application, intravitreal injection, systemic injection, nebulized inhalation, eye drop, and oral ingestion
8 . A method of reducing deleterious granulation in an injured or diseased tissue comprising applying a α5β1 integrin binding agent to the injured or diseased tissue, whereby the granulation is reduced.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the α5β1 integrin binding agent is anti-α5β1 antibody comprises a variable heavy chain region having an amino acid sequence homologous to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS.: 1-6, and a variable light chain region having an amino acid sequence homologous to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS.:7-12.
10 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the tissue is selected from the group consisting of eye, skin, bone, cartilage, vascular, ligament or tendon.
11 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the diseased tissue is part of an eye, joint or associated with a bursae.
12 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the injured or diseased tissue is produced by a condition selected from the group consisting of keloid formation, burns and scleroderma.
13 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the injured or diseased tissue is associated with a disease causing tissue inflammation.
14 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the disease is selected from the group consisting of rheumatoid arthritis, Wegener's Granulomatosis, Churg-Strauss-allergic granulomatosis, eosinophilic granulomata, midline granuloma, desmoid, sarcoidosis, macular degeneration, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, uterine fibroids, arteritis temporalis and Takayasu's arteritis.
15 . The method of claim 13 , wherein the disease is selected from the group consisting of Crohn's disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and allergic pulmonary fibrosis.
16 . The method of claim 8 , wherein the applying step comprises contacting the binding agent to the tissue by a technique comprising direct application, intravitreal injection, systemic injection, nebulized inhalation, eye drop, or oral ingestion.
17 . A method for identifying inhibitors of macrophage behavior in RPE cells comprising:
(a) creating lesions in an eye tissue sufficient to produce granulation;
(b) applying one or more doses of an α5β1 integrin binding agent to the eye tissue; and, (c) monitoring granulation in or around the lesions of the dosed eye tissue;
wherein an increase in fibroblast-like cell behavior indicates an inhibitor of macrophage behavior in RPE cells.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the eye tissue is a part of the eye of a living primate.
19 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the monitoring step comprises examining stained tissue sections.
20 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the eye tissue is selected from the group consisting of retinal, macular and corneal.
21 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the applying the binding agent comprises a technique selected from the group consisting of direct application, intravitreal injection, systemic injection, nebulized inhalation, eye drop, and oral ingestion.