Actively cooled exothermic reactor
View Patent ↗A catalytic reactor including a heat exchanger and a method are provided for transferring heat to a coolant and a reaction fluid. The catalytic reactor includes a reaction fluid flow path, a reaction region, and a coolant flow path. A reaction fluid catalytically reacts at a surface area in the reaction region thereby generating heat. The heat is transferred to a coolant and the reaction fluid based on the coolant and reaction fluid convective heat transfer coefficients respectively. In one embodiment, the ratio of the coolant convective heat transfer coefficient to the reaction fluid heat transfer coefficient is at least 5:1.
1. A catalytic reactor including a heat exchanger for transferring heat to a coolant and a reaction fluid, the catalytic reactor comprising:
a coolant inlet, a coolant flow path having heat transfer augmentation surfaces, and a coolant outlet;
a reaction fluid inlet, a reaction fluid flow path having planar surfaces free of heat transfer augmentation surfaces, and a reaction fluid outlet; and
a catalytic reaction region located within the reaction fluid flow path and in a heat exchange relationship with both the coolant flow path and the reaction fluid flow path such that heat is transferred from the catalytic reaction region to the coolant flow path and the reaction fluid flow path concurrently.
2. The catalytic reactor of claim 1 wherein the heat transfer augmentation surfaces comprise lanced and offset turbulators.
3. The catalytic reactor of claim 1 wherein the heat exchanger is an annular heat exchanger.
4. The catalytic reactor of claim 1 wherein the coolant flow path is a multi-pass flow path.
5. The catalytic reactor of claim 4 wherein the coolant flow path comprises an axial flow path.
6. The catalytic reactor of claim 1 wherein the reaction fluid flow path is a multi-pass flow path.
7. The catalytic reactor of claim 6 wherein the reaction fluid flow path comprises a radially outward path and a radially inward path.
8. The catalytic reactor of claim 7 wherein the coolant flow path comprises an axial flow path.
9. The catalytic reactor of claim 1 wherein said planar surfaces are defined by a plurality of plate fins.
10. The catalytic reactor of claim 1 wherein the catalytic reaction region comprises a catalyst layer on said planar surfaces.
11. The catalytic reactor of claim 1 further comprising a pre-cooler region located upstream from the catalytic reaction region in the reaction fluid flow path.
12. The catalytic reactor of claim 1 wherein the coolant flow path has a coolant convective heat transfer coefficient associated with the catalytic reaction region, the reaction fluid flow path has a reaction fluid convective heat transfer coefficient associated with the catalytic reaction region, and wherein the ratio of the coolant convective heat transfer coefficient to the reaction fluid convective heat transfer coefficient is in the range of 4:1 to 6:1.