Slurry and method for chemical-mechanical planarization of copper
The claimed invention involves a novel aqueous slurry for chemical-mechanical planarization that is effective for polishing copper at high polish rates. The aqueous slurry according to the present invention comprises particles of MoO 3 dissolved in an oxidizing agent. A method for polishing copper by chemical-mechanical planarization includes contacting copper with a polishing pad and an aqueous slurry comprising particles of MoO 3 dissolved in an oxidizing agent.
1 . An aqueous slurry for chemical-mechanical planarization, comprising MoO 3 dissolved in an oxidizing agent.
2 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , wherein said slurry comprises about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of MoO 3 .
3 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , wherein said slurry comprises about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of MoO 3 .
4 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , wherein said slurry comprises about 3% by weight of MoO 3 .
5 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , wherein said MoO 3 has a mean particle size of less than about 10,000 nm (10 microns).
6 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , wherein said MoO 3 has a mean particle size of less than about 1,000 nm (1 micron).
7 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , wherein said oxidizing agent comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, ferric nitrate, potassium iodate, nitric acid, potassium permanganate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, potassium periodate, and hydroxylamine.
8 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , wherein said oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.
9 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , further comprising an acid or a base for adjusting the pH of said slurry within the range of from about 1 to about 14.
10 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , further comprising an acid or a base for adjusting the pH of said slurry within the range of from about 1 to about 5.
11 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , further comprising an acid or a base for adjusting the pH of said slurry to about 2.6.
12 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , wherein said slurry further comprises a nonionic surfactant.
13 . The aqueous slurry of claim 12 , wherein said nonionic surfactant comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of the family of polyethylene glycols.
14 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , wherein said slurry further comprises an anionic surfactant.
15 . The aqueous slurry of claim 14 , wherein said anionic surfactant comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid, a carboxylic acid or its salt, a sulfuric ester or its salt, a sulfonic acid or its salt, a phosphoric acid or its salt, and a sulfosuccinic acid or its salt.
16 . The aqueous slurry of claim 15 , wherein said anionic surfactant is dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid and salts thereof.
17 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , wherein said slurry further comprises a cationic surfactant.
18 . The aqueous slurry of claim 17 , wherein said cationic surfactant comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a primary amine or its salt, a secondary amine or its salt, a tertiary amine or its salt, and a quaternary amine or its salt.
19 . The aqueous slurry of claim 18 , wherein said cationic surfactant is cetyl trimethyl ammonium tocylate (CTAT).
20 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , further comprising a copper corrosion inhibitor.
21 . The aqueous slurry of claim 20 , wherein said copper corrosion inhibitor comprises a heterocyclic organic compound.
22 . The aqueous slurry of claim 21 , wherein said copper corrosion inhibitor comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of benzotriazole, benzimidazole, poly triazole, phenyl triazole, thion and their derivatives.
23 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 further comprising supplemental ceramic/metal oxide particles.
24 . The aqueous slurry of claim 23 , wherein said supplemental ceramic/metal oxide particles comprise one or more selected from the group consisting of silica, ceria, zirconia, titania, magnesia, iron oxide, tin oxide, and germania.
25 . The aqueous slurry of claim 1 , wherein said slurry further comprises glycine.
26 . A method for polishing copper by chemical-mechanical planarization comprising polishing copper using a polishing pad and an aqueous slurry comprising dissolved MoO 3 and an oxidizing agent.
27 . The method of claim 26 , wherein said slurry comprises about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of MoO 3 .
28 . The method of claim 26 , wherein said slurry comprises about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of MoO 3 .
29 . The method of claim 26 , wherein said slurry comprises about 3% by weight of MoO 3 .
30 . The method of claim 26 , wherein said oxidizing agent comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, ferric nitrate, potassium iodate, nitric acid, potassium permanganate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, potassium periodate, and hydroxylamine.
31 . The method of claim 26 , wherein said oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.
32 . The method of claim 26 , further comprising an acid or a base for adjusting the pH of said slurry within the range of from about 1 to about 14.
33 . The method of claim 26 , further comprising an acid or a base for adjusting the pH of said slurry within the range of from about 1 to about 5.
34 . The method of claim 26 , further comprising an acid or a base for adjusting the pH of said slurry to about 2.6.
35 . The method of claim 26 , wherein said slurry further comprises an nonionic surfactant.
36 . The method of claim 35 , wherein said nonionic surfactant comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of the family of polyethylene glycols.
37 . The method of claim 26 , wherein said slurry further comprises an anionic surfactant.
38 . The method of claim 37 , wherein said anionic surfactant comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid or its salt, a sulfuric ester or its salt, a sulfonic acid or its salt, a phosphoric acid or its salt, and a sulfosuccinic acid or its salt.
39 . The method of claim 38 , wherein said anionic surfactant is dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid and salts thereof.
40 . The method of claim 26 , wherein said slurry further comprises a cationic surfactant.
41 . The method of claim 40 , wherein said cationic surfactant comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of a primary amine or its salt, a secondary amine or its salt, a tertiary amine or its salt, and a quaternary amine or its salt.
42 . The method of claim 41 , wherein said cationic surfactant is a quarternary amine or its salt.
43 . The method of claim 42 , wherein said cationic surfactant is cetyl trimethyl ammonium tocylate (CTAT).
44 . The method of claim 26 , further comprising a copper corrosion inhibitor.
45 . The method of claim 44 , wherein said copper corrosion inhibitor comprises a heterocyclic organic compound.
46 . The method of claim 45 , wherein said copper corrosion inhibitor comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of benzotriazole, benzimidazole, poly triazole, phenyl triazole, thion and their derivatives.
47 . The method of claim 26 further comprising supplemental ceramic/metal oxide particles.
48 . The aqueous slurry of claim 47 , wherein said supplemental ceramic/metal oxide particles comprise one or more selected from the group consisting of silica, ceria, zirconia, titania, magnesia, iron oxide, tin oxide, and germania.
49 . The method of claim 26 , further comprising additionally rinsing the copper with de-ionized water at a pH of about 5 to about 7 for about five to about fifteen seconds.
50 . A method for polishing copper by chemical-mechanical planarization, comprising:
providing a high polish rate slurry comprising dissolved MoO 3 and an oxidizing agent
polishing copper with the high polish rate slurry;
providing a low polish rate slurry comprising dissolved MoO 3 , an oxidizing agent, and a corrosion inhibitor; and
additionally polishing the copper with the low polish rate slurry.
51 . An aqueous solution for chemical-mechanical planarization formed by dissolving MoO 3 in an oxidizing agent.
52 . An aqueous slurry for chemical-mechanical planarization, comprising molybdic acid.
53 . An aqueous slurry for chemical-mechanical planarization, comprising H 2 MoO 4 .