Coating compositions containing low VOC compounds
View Patent ↗Coating compositions containing coalescents and a latex polymer, wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 50% and is dispersible in the coating composition.
1. A coating composition, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium; and
at least 1 percent by weight based on polymer solids of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof:
X is a divalent organic group;
r is 0 or 1;
n is 1 to 10; and
R 2 is hydrogen or an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15%, is not reactive with the latex polymer, and is dispersible in the coating composition and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the composition to a surface and allowing it to dry.
2. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbyl moiety and comprises 3 to 24 carbon atoms.
3. The coating composition of claim 2 , wherein R 2 comprises 3 to 24 carbon atoms and a carbonyl group.
4. The coating composition of claim 3 , wherein n is 1, r is 1, and X includes substituents selected from the group consisting of non-peroxidic oxygen atoms, carbonyl groups, and combinations thereof.
5. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein n is 1, r is 1, and X comprises 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
6. The coating composition of claim 4 , wherein X comprises 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
7. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein said coalescent does not phase separate from said coating composition upon standing at 49° C. for four weeks.
8. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein said coalescent facilitates the formation of polymer films of said latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
9. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein said coalescent facilitates the formation of polymer films of said latex polymer at a temperature of about 4° C. to about 10° C. and is present in the coating composition in an amount of at least 2 percent by weight based on polymer solids.
10. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein said coalescent facilitates the formation of polymer films of said latex polymer at a temperature of about 4° C. to about 5° C.
11. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein said coalescent has a number average molecular weight of no greater than about 750.
12. The coating composition of claim 4 , wherein said coalescent has a number average molecular weight of less than about 500.
13. The coating composition of claim 5 , wherein said coating composition is a paint.
14. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein said coating composition is coated onto a substrate and dried.
15. A coating composition, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbyl moiety is an aliphatic moiety, alicyclic moiety, heterocyclic moiety, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms;
r is 1;
n is 1; and
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms and comprises a carbonyl group;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 50%, is not reactive with the latex polymer, is dispersible in the coating composition, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the composition to a surface and allowing it to dry at room temperature or at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
16. The coating composition of claim 15 , wherein said coalescent does not phase separate from said coating composition upon standing at 49° C. for four weeks.
17. The coating composition of claim 15 , wherein said coalescent facilitates the formation of polymer films of said latex polymer at a temperature of less than about 25° C. and is present in the coating composition in an amount of at least 1 percent by weight based on polymer solids.
18. The coating composition of claim 15 , wherein said coalescent facilitates the formation of polymer films of said latex polymer at a temperature of about 4° C. to about 10° C. and is present in the coating composition in an amount of at least 2 percent by weight based on polymer solids.
19. The coating composition of claim 15 , wherein said coalescent facilitates the formation of polymer films of said latex polymer at a temperature of about 4° C. to about 5° C.
20. The coating composition of claim 15 , wherein said coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 30%.
21. The coating composition of claim 15 , wherein said coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 20%.
22. The coating composition of claim 15 , wherein said coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15%.
23. The coating composition of claim 15 , wherein said coalescent has a number average molecular weight of no greater than about 750 and X includes substituents selected from the group consisting of non-peroxidic oxygen atoms, carbonyl groups, and combinations thereof.
24. The coating composition of claim 15 , wherein said coalescent has a number average molecular weight of less than about 500.
25. The coating composition of claim 24 , wherein said coating composition is a paint.
26. The coating composition of claim 15 , wherein said coating composition is coated onto a substrate and dried.
27. A coating composition, consisting essentially of:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium; and
at least 1 percent by weight based on polymer solids of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group;
r is 0 or 1;
n is 1 to 10; and
R 2 is hydrogen or an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent is nonreactive in the coating composition, dispersible in the coating composition, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the composition to a surface and allowing it to dry;
further wherein the composition comprises a mixture of coalescents and the mixture has an average combined volatile organic content of less than about 15%; and
further wherein the composition optionally includes one or more pigments, fillers, thickeners, biocides, mildewcides, surfactants, dispersants, or defoamers.
28. A coating composition, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbyl moiety is an aliphatic moiety, alicyclic moiety, heterocyclic moiety, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms;
r is 1;
n is 1; and
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms and comprises a carbonyl group;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent, is not reactive with the latex polymer, is dispersible in the coating composition, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the composition to a surface and allowing it to dry at room temperature or at a temperature of less than about 25° C.; and
further wherein the composition comprises a mixture of coalescents and the mixture has an average combined volatile organic content of less than about 50%.
29. The coating composition of claim 28 , wherein the mixture of coalescents has an average combined volatile organic content of less than about 30%.
30. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein said coalescent has a volatile organic content of 11.0% or below.
31. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein said coalescent has a volatile organic content of 9.0% or below.
32. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein said coalescent has a volatile organic content of 8.0% or below.
33. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein said coalescent has a volatile organic content of 7.0% or below.
34. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein said coalescent has a volatile organic content of 6.0% or below.
35. A coating composition, comprising:
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O) n —H
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety or an organic group containing substituents selected from the group of nonperoxidic oxygen atoms, hydroxyl groups, and combinations thereof;
X is a divalent hydrocarbyl moiety or an organic group containing nonperoxidic oxygen atoms and carbonyl groups; and
n is 1 to 10;
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content (VOC) of less than about 15%; is not reactive with the latex polymer, and is dispersible in the coating composition and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the composition to a surface and allowing it to dry;
wherein the coating composition is stable.
36. A paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature; and
at least 1 percent by weight based on polymer solids of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof:
X is a divalent organic group;
r is 0 or 1;
n is 1 to 10; and
R 2 is hydrogen or an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 15%, is dispersible in the paint, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry while not reacting with the latex polymer at room temperature for 7 days.
37. The paint of claim 36 further comprising a filler, thickener, biocide, mildewcide, dispersant, or defoamer.
38. A paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and (meth)acrylate polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbyl moiety is an aliphatic moiety, alicyclic moiety, heterocyclic moiety, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms;
r is 1;
n is 1; and
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms and comprises a carbonyl group;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content of less than about 50%, is not reactive with the latex polymer, is dispersible in the paint, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry at room temperature or at a temperature of less than about 25° C.
39. The paint of claim 38 further comprising a filler, thickener, biocide, mildewcide, dispersant, or defoamer.
40. A paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium; and
at least 1 percent by weight based on polymer solids of a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is an organic group having at least 3 and less than 100 carbon atoms, wherein the organic group is an aliphatic group, alicyclic group, heterocyclic group, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group;
r is 0 or 1;
n is 1 to 10; and
R 2 is hydrogen or an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent is not reactive with a crosslinker for the latex polymer, is dispersible in the paint, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry; and
further wherein the paint comprises a mixture of coalescents and the mixture has an average combined volatile organic content of less than about 15%.
41. The paint of claim 40 further comprising a filler, thickener, biocide, mildewcide, dispersant, or defoamer.
42. A paint, comprising:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X r —O) n —R 2
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbyl moiety is an aliphatic moiety, alicyclic moiety, heterocyclic moiety, or combinations thereof;
X is a divalent organic group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms;
r is 1;
n is 1; and
R 2 is an organic group having less than 100 carbon atoms and comprises a carbonyl group;
with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 together do not include any aliphatic unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds; and
wherein the coalescent is dispersible in the paint, is not reactive with the latex polymer, and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry; and
further wherein the paint comprises a mixture of coalescents and the mixture has an average combined volatile organic content of less than about 50%;
wherein the paint is stable.
43. The paint of claim 42 further comprising a filler, thickener, biocide, mildewcide, dispersant, or defoamer.
44. A paint, consisting essentially of:
a pigment;
a latex polymer comprising a surfactant and (meth)acrylate polymer particles emulsified or suspended in an aqueous medium, wherein the latex polymer has a glass transition temperature; and
a coalescent having the formula:
R 1 —(C(O)—X—O) n —H
wherein:
R 1 is a hydrocarbyl moiety or an organic group containing substituents selected from the group of nonperoxidic oxygen atoms, hydroxyl groups, and combinations thereof;
X is a divalent hydrocarbyl moiety or an organic group containing nonperoxidic oxygen atoms and carbonyl groups; and
n is 1 to 10;
wherein the coalescent has a volatile organic content (VOC) of less than about 15%, is not reactive with the latex polymer, is dispersible in the paint and assists in the formation of a continuous coating or film from the latex particles after applying the paint to a surface and allowing it to dry; and
wherein the paint optionally includes one or more pigments, fillers, thickeners, biocides, mildewcides, surfactants, dispersants, or defoamers; and
further wherein the paint is stable.
45. The paint of claim 44 further comprising a filler, thickener, biocide, mildewcide, dispersant, or defoamer.
46. The paint of claim 13 further comprising a filler, thickener, biocide, mildewcide, dispersant, or defoamer.
47. The paint of claim 25 further comprising a filler, thickener, biocide, mildewcide, dispersant, or defoamer.