Single stage PFC power converter
View Patent ↗A single stage PFC power converter is provided for performing a PFC function in a half-bridge flyback power converter. A high-side switch and a low-side switch periodically supply an input voltage to a primary winding of a transformer. When the high-side switch and low-side switch are switched off, the energy stored in the transformer will be transmitted to a secondary circuit and charged to a bulk capacitor. The bulk capacitor serves to recycle the energy and reduce the output ripple noise. A forward diode and a forward inductor serve to forward the energy of the bulk capacitor to the flowing path of the input voltage for performing PFC function.
1. A single stage PFC power converter, comprising:
a bridge rectifier, rectifying an AC line voltage to an input voltage;
a transformer, having a primary winding and a secondary winding, wherein said secondary winding is coupled to a secondary circuit, and a first terminal of said primary winding and a first terminal of said secondary winding have same polarity;
a high-side switch;
a low-side switch, wherein said high-side switch is coupled between said input voltage and a second terminal of said primary winding, said low-side switch is coupled between said first terminal of said primary winding and a ground reference level;
a first flyback diode, wherein an anode of said first flyback diode is coupled to said ground reference level and an cathode of said first flyback diode is coupled to said second terminal of said primary winding;
a second flyback diode, wherein an anode of said second flyback diode is coupled to said first terminal of said primary winding;
a bulk capacitor, wherein a positive terminal of said bulk capacitor is coupled to a cathode of said second flyback diode and a negative terminal of said bulk capacitor is coupled said ground reference level;
a forward inductor; and
a forward diode, wherein a cathode of said forward diode is coupled to said input voltage, an anode of said forward diode is coupled to a first terminal of said forward inductor; and a second terminal of said forward inductor is coupled to said positive terminal of said bulk capacitor.
2. The single stage PFC power converter in claim 1 , wherein said high-side switch and said low-side switch periodically couple said input voltage to said primary winding of said transformer.
3. The single stage PFC power converter in claim 1 , wherein when said high-side switch and said low-side switch are switched off, an energy stored in said transformer is transmitted to said secondary circuit and charged to said bulk capacitor through said first flyback diode and said second flyback diode.
4. The single stage PFC power converter in claim 1 , wherein said forward diode and said forward inductor serve to forward an energy of said bulk capacitor to a flowing path of said input voltage.
5. The single stage PFC power converter in claim 1 , wherein when said input voltage is lower than a voltage across said bulk capacitor, said energy of said bulk capacitor serve to supply said secondary circuit, which reduces an output ripple noise of the power converter.
6. The single stage PFC power converter in claim 1 , wherein said forward inductor provides a propagation delay for an auxiliary switching current that is supplied by said bulk capacitor, and a main current that is supplied by said input voltage before said forward inductor is saturated.
7. The single stage PFC power converter in claim 1 , wherein an energy of a leakage inductor of said transformer is stored to said bulk capacitor when said high-side switch and said low-side switch are turned off.
8. The single stage PFC power converter in claim 1 , wherein said high-side switch blocks a path from said input voltage to said bulk capacitor when turned off, and said bulk capacitor is charged by a magnetized energy of said transformer and said energy of said leakage inductor of said transformer.